{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T14:18:41Z","timestamp":1784297921187,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61871278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61871278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The urban environment has a great impact on the wellbeing of citizens and it is of great significance to understand how citizens perceive and evaluate places in a large scale urban region and to provide scientific evidence to support human-centered urban planning with a better urban environment. Existing studies for assessing urban perception have primarily relied on low efficiency methods, which also result in low evaluation accuracy. Furthermore, there lacks a sophisticated understanding on how to correlate the urban perception with the built environment and other socio-economic data, which limits their applications in supporting urban planning. In this study, a new data-enabled intelligence framework for evaluating human perceptions of urban space is proposed. Specifically, a novel classification-then-regression strategy based on a deep convolutional neural network and a random-forest algorithm is proposed. The proposed approach has been applied to evaluate the perceptions of Beijing and Chengdu against six perceptual criteria. Meanwhile, multi-source data were employed to investigate the associations between human perceptions and the indicators for the built environment and socio-economic data including visual elements, facility attributes and socio-economic indicators. Experimental results show that the proposed framework can effectively evaluate urban perceptions. The associations between urban perceptions and the visual elements, facility attributes and a socio-economic dimension have also been identified, which can provide substantial inputs to guide the urban planning for a better urban space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi10060400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T14:16:04Z","timestamp":1623248164000},"page":"400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A New Data-Enabled Intelligence Framework for Evaluating Urban Space Perception"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Haohao","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3555-0005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linbo","family":"Qing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longmei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengdu Institute of Urban Planning and Design, Chengdu 610081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7282-7638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5508-1819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonghong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing and Mathematics, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5539\/ass.v9n4p185","article-title":"Urban social sustainability trends in research literature","volume":"9","author":"Ghahramanpouri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Soc. 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