{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:04:38Z","timestamp":1760234678909,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Iwate Prefectural University","award":["Research grants of Regional Policy Research Center"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research grants of Regional Policy Research Center"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, the use of three-dimensional (3D) measurement and printing technologies has become an effective means of analyzing and reproducing both physical and natural objects, regardless of size. However, in some complex environments, such as coastal environments, it is difficult to obtain the required data by conventional measurement methods. In this paper, we describe our efforts to archive and digitally reproduce a giant coastal rock formation known as Sanouiwa, a famous site off the coast of Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. We used two different 3D measurement techniques. The first involved taking pictures using a drone-mounted camera, and the second involved the use of global navigation satellite system data. The point cloud data generated from the high-resolution camera images were integrated using 3D shape reconstruction software, and 3D digital models were created for use in tourism promotion and environmental protection awareness initiatives. Finally, we fabricated the 3D digital models of the rocks with 3D printers for use as museum exhibitions, school curriculum materials, and related applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi10060404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T10:30:25Z","timestamp":1623666625000},"page":"404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Three-Dimensional Measurement and Three-Dimensional Printing of Giant Coastal Rocks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zhiyi","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Software and Information Science, Iwate Prefectural University, 152-52 Sugo, Takizawa City 020-0693, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4517-4576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akio","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Software and Information Science, Iwate Prefectural University, 152-52 Sugo, Takizawa City 020-0693, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Sakakibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TOKU PCM Ltd., Morioka City 020-0874, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomonaru","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TOKU PCM Ltd., Morioka City 020-0874, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Harata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TAC Engineering Ltd., Morioka City 020-0836, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"(2021, March 01). Sanriku Geopark. Available online: https:sanriku-geo.com\/geosite\/60\/.","key":"ref_1"},{"unstructured":"(2021, March 01). Introduction Page of Sanouiwa. Available online: https:\/\/www.city.miyako.iwate.jp\/kanko\/tuukou_huka.html.","key":"ref_2"},{"unstructured":"Gao, Z., Satoh, K., Doi, A., Sakakibara, K., Hosokawa, T., Harada, M., and Konno, T. (2018, January 18\u201320). 3D Modeling of cultural property gardens and utilization for acceleration of disaster reconstruction. Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium of Artificial Life and Robotics, B-Con Plaza, Beppu, Japan.","key":"ref_3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cina, A., Dabove, P., Manzino, A.M., and Piras, M. (2015). Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK) Positioning\u2014Description, Architectures and Performances. Satellite Positioning-Methods, Models and Applications, InTech.","key":"ref_4","DOI":"10.5772\/59083"},{"unstructured":"Shapiro, L.G., and Stockman, G.C. (2001). 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[Master\u2019s Thesis, Archaeology-Lund University].","key":"ref_17"}],"container-title":["ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/10\/6\/404\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:13:34Z","timestamp":1760163214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/10\/6\/404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijgi10060404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijgi10060404","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-9964"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2220-9964"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]]}}}