{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T04:35:58Z","timestamp":1773203758890,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The evaluation of community livability quantifies the demands of human settlement at the micro scale, supporting urban governance decision-making at the macro scale. Big data generated by the urban management of government agencies can provide an accurate, real-time, and rich data set for livability evaluation. However, these data are intertwined by overlapping geographical management boundaries of different government agencies. It causes the difficulty of data integration and utilization when evaluating community livability. To address this problem, this paper proposes a scheme of partitioning basic geographical space into grids by optimally integrating various geographical management boundaries relevant to enterprise-level big data. Furthermore, the system of indexes on community livability is created, and the evaluation model of community livability is constructed. Taking Wuhan as an example, the effectiveness of the model is verified. After the evaluation, the experimental results show that the livability evaluation with reference to our basic geographic grids can effectively make use of governmental big data to spatially identify the multi-dimensional characteristics of a community, including management, environment, facility services, safety, and health. Our technical solution to evaluate community livability using gridded basic urban geographical data is of large potential in producing thematic data of community, constructing a 15-min community living circle of Wuhan, and enhancing the ability of the community to resist risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi11010038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T01:15:26Z","timestamp":1641518126000},"page":"38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Evaluation of Community Livability Using Gridded Basic Urban Geographical Data\u2014A Case Study of Wuhan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Qiong","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Wuhan Natural Resources and Planning Information Center, Wuhan 430014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Wuhan 430014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youxin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, C., and Yu, D. (2016). China\u2019s New Urbanization: Developmental Paths, Blueprints and Patterns, Springer and Science Press Ltd.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49448-6"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"International Institute for Sustainable Development (2021). Sustainable Development Goals Report 2020, Department of Economic and Social Affairs Press."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2018.02.025","article-title":"Assessment and determinants of satisfaction with urban livability in China","volume":"79","author":"Zhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"17","article-title":"Index system and method of residential environmental evaluation in inner cities","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sci. Geogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Howard, E. (1902). Garden Cities of Tomorrow, Swan Sonnenschein & Co Ltd."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foar.2016.03.003","article-title":"Urban livability across disciplinary and professional boundaries","volume":"5","author":"Kashef","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Archit. Res."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Giannousopoulou, M.I. (2016). Enhancing the livability of urban blocks by assessing and improving the microclimate in the Mediterranean: The case of Peristeri, Athens. [Master Thesis, HafenCity University Hamburg]."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2014.07.033","article-title":"Developing and testing a framework for the assessment of neighbourhood livability in two contrasting countries: Iran and Estonia","volume":"48","author":"Bell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-9255(96)00025-X","article-title":"Developing indicators of sustainable community: Lessons from sustainable Seattle","volume":"16","author":"AtKisson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Impact Assess. Rev."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"693","article-title":"Analyzing the Impacts of Spatial Factors on Livability of Peri-Urban Villages","volume":"136","author":"Khorasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Indic. Res.  Int. Interdiscip. J. Qual. Life Meas"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2018.06.013","article-title":"Livability of subsidized housing estates in marketized socialist China: An institutional interpretation","volume":"83","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cities."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"17","article-title":"The contents and index system of evaluating livable community for urban elderly","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Northwest. Popul."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2012.08.007","article-title":"Developing context-sensitive livability indicators for transportation planning: A measurement framework","volume":"26","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geography."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onnom, W., Tripathi, N., Nitivattananon, V., and Ninsawat, S. (2018). Development of a liveable city index (LCI) using multi criteria geospatial modelling for medium class cities in developing countries. Sustainability, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/su10020520"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Lu, J. (2019). Building a New Community: A Study of Community Governance in Chinese Cities, Peking University Press."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.22217\/upi.2016.326","article-title":"Theoretical research of the livable city construction and its practice reflection in China","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urban Plan. Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khorrami, Z., Ye, T., and Sadatmoosavi, A. (2021). The Indicators and Methods used for Measuring Urban Liveability: A Scoping Review. Rev. Environ. Health, 36.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-26287\/v1"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"173","article-title":"Community scale livability evaluation integrating remote sensing, surface observation and geospatial big data","volume":"80","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Method System of Urban Physical Examination for High Quality Development in China","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Geogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"1597","article-title":"Effect of MAUP in spatial autocorrelation","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta A Geogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Wuhan Natural Resources and Planning Bureau (2014). Wuhan 2049 Long-Term Development Strategic Plan, People\u2019s Government of Wuhan City."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Wuhan Bureau of Statistics (2021, November 01). Wuhan Statistical Book 2020, Available online: http:\/\/tjj.wuhan.gov.cn\/."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"642","article-title":"From digital map to spatial information on grid: Thoughts on multi-level grid theory of spatial information","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Wuhan Univ. (Inf. Sci. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1177\/0160017611403737","article-title":"Happy people or happy places? A multi-level modelling approach to the analysis of happiness and well-being","volume":"35","author":"Ballas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Reg. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"China Urban Science Research Association (2007). Livable City Chinese Scientific Evaluation Standard, China Urban Science Research Association."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2015.05.004","article-title":"A need for balanced approach to neighborhood sustainability assessments: A critical review and analysis","volume":"18","author":"Komeily","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Wagner, F., and Caves, R. (2012). Community Livability: Issues and Approaches to Sustaining the Well-Being of People and Communities, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"86","article-title":"Monitoring built environment of China with new data: Indicator system and case studies","volume":"25","author":"Long","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urban Dev. Stud."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1504\/WRSTSD.2014.065677","article-title":"A new approach to measuring the livability of cities: The global livable cities index","volume":"11","author":"Giap","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Rev. Sci. Technol. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"70","article-title":"Construction of evaluation index system of livable community in Wuhan based on multidisciplinary evaluation perspective","volume":"26","author":"Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urban. Archit."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11482-010-9123-5","article-title":"Quality of life and compact development policies in Bandung, Indonesia","volume":"6","author":"Arifwidodo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Res. Qual. Life"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2013.06.046","article-title":"Multi criteria decision making approaches for green supplier evaluation and selection: A literature review","volume":"98","author":"Govindan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Guangdong Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision (2015). Evaluation for the Construction of a Livable Community, Guangdong Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision. DB44\/T 1577-2015."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Office of the Leading Group for the First National Geographical Census of the State Council (2013). Contents and Indicators of National Geoinformation Survey, Surveying and Mapping Press."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2018). Standard for Urban Residential Area Planning and Design, China Architecture & Building Press. GB 50180-2018."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, L.K., Guo, Y.Y., Zhang, C., Meng, J.J., Ju, L., Zhang, Y.S., and Tang, W.X. (2020). Assessing community-level livability using combined remote sensing and Internet-based big geospatial data. Remote Sens., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12244026"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2013.11.009","article-title":"A GIS based spatially-explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis approach for multi-criteria decision analysis","volume":"64","author":"Feizizadeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput. Geosci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1080\/19475683.2012.727867","article-title":"How GIS can help address the uncertain geographic context problem in social science research","volume":"18","author":"Kwan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. GIS"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2018.04.021","article-title":"Spatially explicit assessment on urban vitality: Case studies in Chicago and Wuhan","volume":"40","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"18","article-title":"Livable neighborhood planning strategies: Wuhan case","volume":"28","author":"Min","year":"2012","journal-title":"Planners"}],"container-title":["ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/11\/1\/38\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:36:34Z","timestamp":1760362594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/11\/1\/38"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["ijgi11010038"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijgi11010038","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2220-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]}}}