{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T13:08:32Z","timestamp":1774444112825,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42071376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42071376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Massive taxi trajectory data can be easily obtained in the era of big data, which is helpful to reveal the spatiotemporal information of human travel behavior but neglects activity semantics. The activity semantics reflect people\u2019s daily activities and trip purposes, and lead to a deeper understanding of human travel patterns. Most existing literature analyses of activity semantics mainly focus on the characteristics of the destination. However, the movement from the origin to the destination can be represented as the flow. The flow can completely represent the activity semantic and describe the spatial interaction between the origin and the destination. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a two-layer framework to infer the activity semantics of each taxi trip and generalized the similar activity semantic flow to reveal human travel patterns. We introduced the activity inference in the first layer by a combination of the improved Word2vec model and Bayesian rules-based visiting probability ranking. Then, a flow clustering method is used to uncover human travel behaviors based on the similarity of activity semantics and spatial distribution. A case study within the Fifth Ring Road in Beijing is adopted and the results show that our method is effective for taxi trip activity inference. Six activity semantics and four activity semantics are identified in origins and destinations, respectively. We also found that differences exist in the activity transitions from origins to destinations at distinct periods. The research results can inform the taxi travel demand and provide a scientific decision-making basis for taxi operation and transportation management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi11020140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T22:44:47Z","timestamp":1644965087000},"page":"140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Investigating Human Travel Patterns from an Activity Semantic Flow Perspective: A Case Study within the Fifth Ring Road in Beijing Using Taxi Trajectory Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8339-361X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Nanjing Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources, Jiangning Branch, Nanjing 211100, China"}]},{"given":"Disheng","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2398-2815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heping","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6782-4280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"3D Information Collection and Application Key Lab of Education Ministry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Urban Environmental Processes and Digital Simulation, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"},{"name":"Beijing Laboratory of Water Resources Security, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, 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