{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:25:00Z","timestamp":1781285100971,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41801297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41801297"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["20032312-Y"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20032312-Y"]}]},{"name":"Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University (ZSTU)","award":["41801297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41801297"]}]},{"name":"Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University (ZSTU)","award":["20032312-Y"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20032312-Y"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As the passenger railway network is expanding and improving, the internal connections and interdependence in the network are rising. Once a sudden geological hazard occurs and damages the network structure, the train service is prone to large-scale halt or delay. A geographical railway network is modeled to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the railway network as well as its vulnerability under typical geological hazards, such as earthquakes, collapses, landslides and debris flows. First, this paper modeled the geographical railway network in China based on the complex network method and analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of the railway network. Then, the data of geological hazards along the railway that occurred over the years were crawled through the Internet to construct the hazard database to analyze the time\u2013space distribution characteristics. Finally, based on the data of geological hazards along the railway and results of the susceptibility to geological hazards, the vulnerability of the geographical railway network was evaluated. Among these geological hazards, the greatest impact on railway safety operation came from earthquakes (48%), followed by landslides (28%), debris flows (17%) and collapses (7%). About 30% of the lines of the geographical railway network were exposed in the susceptibility areas. The most vulnerable railway lines included Sichuan\u2013Guizhou Railway, Chengdu\u2013Kunming Railway and Chengdu\u2013Guiyang high-speed Railway in Southwest China, Lanzhou\u2013Urumqi Railway and Southern Xinjiang Railway in Northwest China, and Beijing\u2013Harbin Railway and Harbin\u2013Manzhouli Railway in Northeast China. Therefore, professional railway rescue materials should be arranged at key stations in the above sections, with a view to improving the capability to respond to sudden geological hazards.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi11060342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T10:25:12Z","timestamp":1654856712000},"page":"342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Vulnerability Analysis of Geographical Railway Network under Geological Hazard in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Lingzhi","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenshu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Hangzhou 311100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2013.10.003","article-title":"Comparisons of complex network-based models and real train flow model to analyze Chinese railway vulnerability","volume":"123","author":"Ouyang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reliab. 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