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Spatial zoning of ecosystem services is proposed in this study as a solution to meet the demands for the sustainable use of ecosystem services. This study presented a workflow and performed an exploratory analysis using self-organizing maps (SOM) for visualizing the spatial patterns of the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). The zoning was performed based on 11 types of ecosystem services, resulting in 11 ecosystem service zones. Each of the zones derived has its unique characteristics in terms of the dominating ecosystem service types, ESV, land use\/land cover patterns, and associated human activity levels. It is recommended that reasonable and effective utilization of the ecosystem services in the GBA should be based on its zonal characteristics rather than haphazard exploitations, which can contribute to the sustainable economy and environment of the region. The applicability of SOM for the GBA ecosystem service zoning has been demonstrated in this study. However, it should be stressed that the method and workflow presented in this study should mainly be used for supporting decision-making rather than used for deriving gold-standard zoning maps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi11090481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T21:06:52Z","timestamp":1663103212000},"page":"481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exploring the Applicability of Self-Organizing Maps for Ecosystem Service Zoning of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3487-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingwei","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"},{"name":"Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117570, Singapore"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0015-147X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingbin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4092-2264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8838-9476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyue","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6330-7948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Guangdong for Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China"},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2019.111282","article-title":"Remotely sensing large- and small-scale ground subsidence: A case study of the Guangdong\u2013Hong Kong\u2013Macao greater bay area of China","volume":"232","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sens. 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