{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T08:50:10Z","timestamp":1775638210201,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Map design and usability issues are crucial when considering different device orientations. It is visible, especially in exploring the topographical space in landscape or portrait orientation on the mobile phone. In this study, we aim to reveal the main differences and similarities among participants\u2019 performance in a map-based task. The study presents an original research scheme, including establishing conceptual assumptions, developing map applications with gaming elements, user testing, and visualizing results. It appears that the different phone orientation triggers different visual strategy. This transfers into decision-making about the path selection. It turned out that in landscape orientation, participants preferred paths oriented east\u2013west. On the other hand, portrait orientation supported north\u2013south path selection. However, considering the given task accomplishment, both mobile phones\u2019 orientations are adequate for the exploration of topographical space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi11110577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T04:13:36Z","timestamp":1669004016000},"page":"577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Map Design and Usability of a Simplified Topographic 2D Map on the Smartphone in Landscape and Portrait Orientations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6969-4088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Medy\u0144ska-Gulij","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Pozna\u0144, Poland; Department of Cartography and Geomatics, 61-712 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Gulij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Da Vinci Pozna\u0144, 61-719 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5514-5720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Cybulski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Pozna\u0144, Poland; Department of Cartography and Geomatics, 61-712 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9374-1873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Zagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Pozna\u0144, Poland; Department of Cartography and Geomatics, 61-712 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Zawadzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Pozna\u0144, Poland; Department of Cartography and Geomatics, 61-712 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9681-6762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tymoteusz","family":"Horbi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Pozna\u0144, Poland; Department of Cartography and Geomatics, 61-712 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kent, A.J., and Vujakovic, P. 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