{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T16:21:42Z","timestamp":1777998102281,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Jakarta metropolitan region (the Jakarta megacity), located in the fourth most populous country in the world (Indonesia), is the largest urban agglomeration in the Global South\u2014continues to grow, especially in its outer suburbs (Bekasi Regency). The governments (Central and Local) tend to implement an urban-biased policy (UBP) to connect Bekasi Regency into global production networks and boost Bekasi Regency\u2019s income. However, previous case studies of China and Vietnam have revealed that the UBP increases economic disparities between urban and rural areas. Therefore, this study probes urban\u2013rural economic disparities and their characteristics at a microregional level (desa\/kelurahan) in the Bekasi Regency. The methods applied in this study are geographically weighted regression (GWR), RULT index, and quantitative zoning. The results show that almost all desa\/kelurahan in the high poverty (HPv) cluster are rural neighborhoods (desa\/kelurahan with rural characteristics). By contrast, only 5% of desa\/kelurahan with urban characteristics are HPvs, while the remainder are in the low poverty (LPv) cluster. Rural neighborhoods with HPv tend to have a high percentage of households dependent on agriculture. Thus, empirical results (with a case of a Global South megacity suburb) further support previous evidence that the UBP has caused urban\u2013rural economic disparities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi12020032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T03:16:52Z","timestamp":1674098212000},"page":"32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Probing Regional Disparities and Their Characteristics in a Suburb of a Global South Megacity: The Case of Bekasi Regency, Jakarta Metropolitan Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0020-4241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adib Ahmad","family":"Kurnia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional and Rural Development Planning Science Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Human Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8663-794X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernan","family":"Rustiadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Development Planning Division, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia"},{"name":"Center for Regional System Analysis, Planning, and Development (CRESTPENT), IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0835-3479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhmad","family":"Fauzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional and Rural Development Planning Science Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3063-9900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Emma","family":"Pravitasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Development Planning Division, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia"},{"name":"Center for Regional System Analysis, Planning, and Development (CRESTPENT), IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6792-3665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"\u017denka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Geography and Regional Development, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Datta, A., and Shaban, A. 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