{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T09:10:11Z","timestamp":1778663411787,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program","award":["2022xjkk1306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022xjkk1306"]}]},{"name":"Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program","award":["ZRZY2023KJ15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRZY2023KJ15"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences","award":["2022xjkk1306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022xjkk1306"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences","award":["ZRZY2023KJ15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRZY2023KJ15"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Department of Science and Technology","award":["2022xjkk1306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022xjkk1306"]}]},{"name":"Hubei Province Department of Science and Technology","award":["ZRZY2023KJ15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRZY2023KJ15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, with the widespread use of location-aware handheld devices and the development of wireless networks, trajectory data have shown a trend of rapid growth in data volume and coverage, which has led to the prosperous development of location-based services (LBS). Spatio-temporal range query, as the basis of many services, remains a challenge in supporting efficient analysis and calculation of data, especially when large volumes of trajectory data have been accumulated. We propose a Hilbert-GeoSOT spatio-temporal meshing and coding method called HGST to improve the efficiency of spatio-temporal range queries on massive trajectory data. First, the method uses Hilbert to encode the grids obtained based on the GeoSOT space division model, and then constructs a unified time division standard to generate the space\u2013time location identification of trajectory data. Second, this paper builds a novel spatio-temporal index to organize trajectory data, and designs an adaptive spatio-temporal scaling and coding method based on HGST to improve the query performance on indexed records. Finally, we implement a prototype system based on HBase and Spark, and develop a Spark-based algorithm to accelerate the spatio-temporal range query for huge trajectory data. Extensive experiments on a real taxi trajectory dataset demonstrate that HGST improves query efficiency levels by approximately 14.77% and 34.93% compared with GeoSOT-ST and GeoMesa at various spatial scales, respectively, and has better scalability under different data volumes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi12030113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T01:58:22Z","timestamp":1678240702000},"page":"113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["HGST: A Hilbert-GeoSOT Spatio-Temporal Meshing and Coding Method for Efficient Spatio-Temporal Range Query on Massive Trajectory Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9156-4132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0680-5427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jining","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Digital Geology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Space Science and Applied Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100088, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0394-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s00778-016-0425-6","article-title":"Elite: An elastic infrastructure for big spatiotemporal trajectories","volume":"25","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"VLDB J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.05.107","article-title":"Semantic trajectory representation and retrieval via hierarchical embedding","volume":"538","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inf. 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