{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:08:51Z","timestamp":1787166531452,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Durlov Lahonis grateful to the University Grants","award":["UGC-DSKPDF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UGC-DSKPDF"]}]},{"name":"Durlov Lahonis grateful to the University Grants","award":["SP\/YO\/2019\/1362(G) & (C)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP\/YO\/2019\/1362(G) & (C)"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology, Government of India","award":["UGC-DSKPDF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UGC-DSKPDF"]}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Technology, Government of India","award":["SP\/YO\/2019\/1362(G) & (C)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP\/YO\/2019\/1362(G) & (C)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The alteration of land use and land cover caused by human activities on a global scale has had a notable impact on ecosystem services at regional and global levels, which are crucial for the survival and welfare of human beings. Merbil, a small freshwater wetland located in the Brahmaputra basin in Assam, India, is not exempt from this phenomenon. In the present study, we have estimated and shown a spatio-temporal variation of ecosystem service values in response to land use and land cover alteration for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2021, and predicted the same for 2030 and 2040. Supervised classification and the CA-Markov model were used in this study for land-use and land-cover classification and future projection, respectively. The result showed a significant increase in built-up areas, agricultural land, and aquatic plants and a decrease in open water and vegetation during 1990\u20132040. The study area experienced a substantial rise in ecosystem service values during the observed period (1990\u20132021) due to the rapid expansion of built-up areas and agricultural and aquatic land. Although the rise of built-up and agricultural land is economically profitable and has increased the study site\u2019s overall ecosystem service values, decreasing the area under open water and vegetation cover may have led to an ecological imbalance in the study site. Hence, we suggest that protecting the natural ecosystem should be a priority in future land-use planning. The study will aid in developing natural resource sustainability management plans and provide useful guidelines for preserving the local ecological balance in small wetlands over the short to medium term.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi12040165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T01:35:00Z","timestamp":1681349700000},"page":"165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Assessment of Ecosystem Service Value in Response to LULC Changes Using Geospatial Techniques: A Case Study in the Merbil Wetland of the Brahmaputra Valley, Assam, India"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Durlov","family":"Lahon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9563-0093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhrubajyoti","family":"Sahariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1571-9475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jatan","family":"Debnath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9390-1219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nityaranjan","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2913-9199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gowhar","family":"Meraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Environment and Remote Sensing, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190018, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7099-7297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankaj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Hayama 240-0115, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4423-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shizuka","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Environment and Remote Sensing, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190018, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/387253a0","article-title":"The value of the world\u2019s ecosystem services and natural capital","volume":"387","author":"Costanza","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7665","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7665","article-title":"Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use\/land cover changes in Central Asia from 1995\u20132035","volume":"2019","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Millenium Ecosystem Services (2005). 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