{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:32:39Z","timestamp":1760149959961,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Science and Technology Foundation of Gansu Province","award":["22JR11RA140","41930101","42161066","2022007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JR11RA140","41930101","42161066","2022007"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22JR11RA140","41930101","42161066","2022007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JR11RA140","41930101","42161066","2022007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Young Scholars Science Foundation of Lanzhou Jiaotong University","award":["22JR11RA140","41930101","42161066","2022007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JR11RA140","41930101","42161066","2022007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Building displacement is a common operation to resolve the spatial conflicts between map features, and it has important theoretical value and practical application significance for multi-scale mapping. The prerequisite for a successful displacement operation is that there is extra space around the conflicting buildings into which they can be displaced. Otherwise, additional generalization operators need to be combined to resolve spatial conflicts. Based on this idea, this study proposes a new heuristic spatial conflict resolution framework that mainly resolves the spatial conflicts between buildings and other features in urban villages by combining three cartographic generalization operators: selection, displacement, and aggregation. This method first reduces the density of buildings in the block through selection operation, then resolves the spatial conflicts between buildings and other features through displacement operation, and finally, the aggregation operation is performed to eliminate any remaining conflicts and newly generated conflicts. Experiments were carried out using real urban village data, and visual inspection and quantitative analysis were used to evaluate the experimental results. The evaluation results show that the proposed framework can not only resolve spatial conflicts well, but also maintain the spatial distribution and area balance of the buildings in urban villages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi12100392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T01:51:14Z","timestamp":1695865874000},"page":"392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Heuristic Approach for Resolving Spatial Conflicts of Buildings in Urban Villages"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Wende","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China"},{"name":"Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haowen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China"},{"name":"Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China"},{"name":"Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9699-8551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yilang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 510275, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2021.1873998","article-title":"A hybrid approach to building simplification with an evaluator from a backpropagation neural network","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. 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