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However, few studies have compared the relative contributions of LCZ on the urban thermal environment across different cities. Therefore, Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen in China were selected to conduct a comparative study to explore the relationship between LCZ and land surface temperature (LST). The results showed that (1) both the composition and spatial configuration of LCZ had obvious differences among the three cities. Beijing had a higher area proportion of compact mid-rise and low-rise LCZ types. The spatial pattern of LCZ in Shenzhen was especially quite different from those of Beijing and Shanghai. (2) Shenzhen had the strongest summer surface urban heat island (UHI) intensity and the largest UHI region area. However, the proportion of urban cooling island areas was still the highest in Shenzhen. (3) Different LCZs showed significant LST differences. The largest LST difference between the LCZs reached 5.57 \u00b0C, 4.50 \u00b0C, and 12.08 \u00b0C in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, respectively. Built-up LCZs had higher LSTs than other LCZ types. (4) The dominant driving LCZs on LST were different among these cities. The LST in Beijing was easily influenced by built-up LCZ types, while the cooling effects generated by LCZ G(water) were much stronger than built-up LCZs\u2019 warming effects in Shanghai. These results indicated that the effect of the LCZ on LST had significant differences among LCZ types and across cities, and the dominant LCZs should be given more priority in future urban planning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi13020061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T05:10:04Z","timestamp":1708405804000},"page":"61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparing Characteristics of the Urban Thermal Environment Based on the Local Climate Zone in Three Chinese Metropolises"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Riguga","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518040, China"},{"name":"College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0477-5845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaobin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518040, China"},{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi\u2019an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi\u2019an 710055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhibo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingwen","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"698","article-title":"A Systematic Review of the health co-benefits of urban climate change adaptation","volume":"398","author":"Sharifi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustain. 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