{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T14:50:17Z","timestamp":1778338217298,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Water Resources","award":["SF-202303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SF-202303"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Water Resources","award":["SKS-2022011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKS-2022011"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Water Resources","award":["HKY-JBYW-2023-26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKY-JBYW-2023-26"]}]},{"name":"Basic research projects of central level public welfare research institutes","award":["SF-202303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SF-202303"]}]},{"name":"Basic research projects of central level public welfare research institutes","award":["SKS-2022011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKS-2022011"]}]},{"name":"Basic research projects of central level public welfare research institutes","award":["HKY-JBYW-2023-26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKY-JBYW-2023-26"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>China\u2019s vulnerability to fluvial floods necessitates extensive exposure studies. Previous large-scale regional analyses often relied on a limited set of assessment indicators due to challenges in data acquisition, compounded by the scarcity of corresponding large-scale flood distribution data. The integration of public datasets offers a potential solution to these challenges. In this study, we obtained four key exposure indicators\u2014population, built-up area (BA), road length (RL), and average gross domestic product (GDP)\u2014and conducted an innovative analysis of their correlations both overall and locally. Utilising these indicators, we developed a comprehensive exposure index employing entropy-weighting and k-means clustering methods and assessed fluvial flood exposure across multiple return periods using fluvial flood maps. The datasets used for these indicators, as well as the flood maps, are primarily derived from remote sensing products. Our findings indicate a weak correlation between the various indicators at both global and local scales, underscoring the limitations of using singular indicators for a thorough exposure assessment. Notably, we observed a significant concentration of exposure and river flooding east of the Hu Line, particularly within the eastern coastal region. As flood return periods extended from 10 to 500 years, the extent of areas with flood depths exceeding 1 m expanded markedly, encompassing 2.24% of China\u2019s territory. This expansion heightened flood risks across 15 administrative regions with varying exposure levels, particularly in Jiangsu (JS) and Shanghai (SH). This research provides a robust framework for understanding flood risk dynamics, advocating for resource allocation towards prevention and control in high-exposure, high-flood areas. Our findings establish a solid scientific foundation for effectively mitigating river flood risks in China and promoting sustainable development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi13100357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T12:01:54Z","timestamp":1728388914000},"page":"357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comprehensive Assessment of Large-Scale Regional Fluvial Flood Exposure Using Public Datasets: A Case Study from China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xuanchi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingjie","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yellow River Conservancy Commiss, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China"},{"name":"Henan Key Laboratory of YB Ecological Protection and Restoration, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junhua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yellow River Conservancy Commiss, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1474-4222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingchun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3223-6344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiuhua","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-017-2958-4","article-title":"Optimal management of the flooding risk caused by the joint occurrence of extreme rainfall and high tide level in a coastal city","volume":"89","author":"Lian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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