{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T01:21:09Z","timestamp":1787880069419,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["42371474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371474"]}]},{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["41971421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41971421"]}]},{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["41903192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41903192"]}]},{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["23A0243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23A0243"]}]},{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["kfj230701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kfj230701"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province","award":["42371474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371474"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province","award":["41971421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41971421"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province","award":["41903192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41903192"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province","award":["23A0243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23A0243"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province","award":["kfj230701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kfj230701"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province","award":["42371474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42371474"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province","award":["41971421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41971421"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province","award":["41903192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41903192"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province","award":["23A0243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23A0243"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province","award":["kfj230701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kfj230701"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Expressway traffic accidents often result in severe congestion, with their unpredictable nature complicating timely and effective response measures. This paper presents a comprehensive method for accurately estimating and analyzing the spatiotemporal delay effects of expressway accidents through the integration of multi-source geographic data. The innovation lies in utilizing real-world vehicle trajectory data, combined with a Traffic Performance Index (TPI), to quantitatively assess delay impacts. By applying spatial clustering and hotspot detection techniques, we investigate the distribution patterns of delays and further employ a Spatial Error Model (SEM) to examine the relationships between accident characteristics and associated delay effects. Using expressway accident data and vehicle trajectory records from Hunan Province, the results demonstrate that the TPI-based approach effectively captures the duration, extent, and severity of traffic delays. Moreover, significant correlations are identified between delay impacts and specific accident characteristics, such as accident type, road type, road environment, pre-accident vehicle speed, and secondary accidents. This approach provides traffic management authorities with actionable insights into the overall roadway impact, facilitating targeted emergency response strategies and informing road usage policies tailored to the characteristics of accident impacts, thus helping to mitigate future risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi13110407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T09:36:51Z","timestamp":1731404211000},"page":"407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Quantitative Estimation and Analysis of Spatiotemporal Delay Effects in Expressway Traffic Accidents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-4940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunfei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengrui","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4383-0974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoyang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, China"},{"name":"Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of Highway Geological Disaster Early Warning in Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"An expressway congestion detection algorithm based on etc data mining","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing: Proceeding of the IIH-MSP 2021 & FITAT 2021"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/15472450.2020.1790364","article-title":"Spatial-temporal traffic congestion identification and correlation extraction using floating car data","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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