{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T09:53:23Z","timestamp":1779184403516,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The innovation group project of the Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["E33D0201-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E33D0201-5"]}]},{"name":"The innovation group project of the Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["E2DZ050100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2DZ050100"]}]},{"name":"The Beijing Chaoyang District Collaborative Innovation Project","award":["E33D0201-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E33D0201-5"]}]},{"name":"The Beijing Chaoyang District Collaborative Innovation Project","award":["E2DZ050100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2DZ050100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Public service facilities are the cornerstone of urban development and further expansion, and their spatial distribution fairness is closely related to the quality of life of urban residents. Existing research tends to focus on coverage analysis of a single city or a single type of public service facility, lacking a macro perspective at a medium-to-large scale and consideration of residents\u2019 public service needs. To improve the monitoring of urban public service facility coverage and supply\u2013demand patterns, this paper adopts an urban diagnostic perspective, using 14 megacities from nine urban agglomerations in China as the study area. By integrating spatial and temporal social sensing big data, including road networks, population, and points of interest (POI) data, and employing spatial analysis methods including coverage rate calculation, supply\u2013demand matching efficiency, spatial heterogeneity, and sp{atial stability analysis, this study reveals the spatial distribution patterns of various facilities within cities, as well as the heterogeneity, balance, and equity of supply\u2013demand matching efficiency between different cities. The results show that the spatial distribution of public service facilities in different cities generally tends to concentrate in the central areas, although there are some variations due to local topographical influences. The coverage rate of transportation and education facilities is relatively high, while that of healthcare facilities is generally lower. This study provides information support for urban planning and the optimization of public service facility allocation, contributing to the achievement of sustainable urban development through the comprehensive analysis and comparison of 14 megacities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi14050188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T06:49:02Z","timestamp":1746082142000},"page":"188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Heterogeneity Analysis of Resident Demands and Public Service Facilities in Megacities of China from the Perspective of Urban Health Examination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8651-9505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaohua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4077-1187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haojian","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuonan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7106-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5342-0613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2018.01.011","article-title":"Inequality of public health and its role in spatial accessibility to medical facilities in China","volume":"92","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2006.04.001","article-title":"Building and managing facilities for public services","volume":"90","author":"Bennett","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Public Econ."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2022.103905","article-title":"Do the supply of and demand for rural public service facilities match? Assessment based on the perspective of rural residents","volume":"82","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. Cities Soc."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2005.10.005","article-title":"Urbanization in developing countries: Current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability","volume":"28","author":"Cohen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006893225196","article-title":"Public services and the quality of life","volume":"48","author":"Michalos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Soc. Indic. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.18306\/dlkxjz.2021.04.006","article-title":"Do urban public service facilities match population demand? Assessment based on community life circle","volume":"40","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, Y., Yang, J., and Shen, P. (2020). Revealing the correlation between population density and the spatial distribution of urban public service facilities with mobile phone data. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9010038"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109803","article-title":"Dual Hybrid Frameworks Combining Graph Convolutional Network with Decoding for Covering Location Problem","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"E2KK5V","article-title":"DeepMCLP: Solving the MCLP with deep reinforcement learning for urban facility location analytics","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spat. Data Sci. Symp."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2015.12.007","article-title":"Is inequality in the distribution of urban facilities inequitable? Exploring a method for identifying spatial inequity in an Iranian city","volume":"52","author":"Dadashpoor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2299211","DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2023.2299211","article-title":"Sponet: Solve spatial optimization problem using deep reinforcement learning for urban spatial decision analysis","volume":"17","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Digit. Earth"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-022-01367-2","article-title":"The impact of basic public services on residents\u2019 consumption in China","volume":"9","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s11707-014-0484-1","article-title":"Analyzing the spatial patterns and drivers of ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing Taihu Lake Basin of China","volume":"9","author":"Ai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.107433","article-title":"Can urban public services and ecosystem services achieve positive synergies?","volume":"124","author":"Hou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.07.045","article-title":"Associations between maternal residential proximity to air emissions from industrial facilities and low birth weight in Texas, USA","volume":"120","author":"Gong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.10.080","article-title":"Spatial self-aggregation effects and national division of city-level PM2.5 concentrations in China based on spatio-temporal clustering","volume":"207","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144605","article-title":"Optimization of residential green space for environmental sustainability and property appreciation in metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona","volume":"763","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1435-5597.2004.tb01925.x","article-title":"A lattice covering model for evaluating existing service facilities","volume":"83","author":"Murray","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pap. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s41651-022-00125-x","article-title":"A spatial decision support system based on a hybrid AHP and TOPSIS method for fire station site selection","volume":"6","author":"Vahidnia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Geovisualization Spat. Anal."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, S., Wang, R., Su, C., Zhou, L., Wang, W., and Liang, H. (2023, January 13). Optimization of shared bicycle location in Wuhan city based on multi-source geospatial big data. Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Spatial Big Data and AI for Industrial Applications 2023, Hamburg, Germany.","DOI":"10.1145\/3615888.3627815"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2022.103369","article-title":"A hierarchical two-step floating catchment area analysis for high-tier hospital accessibility in an urban agglomeration region","volume":"102","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W., Zhou, Z., Chen, J., Cheng, W., and Chen, J. (2021). Analysis of location selection of public service facilities based on urban land accessibility. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020516"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu, Z., Wang, Y., Bao, L., Yun, B., and Lu, J. (2022). Sustainability of Chinese village development in a new perspective: Planning principle of rural public service facilities based on \u201cFunction-Space\u201d synergistic mechanism. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14148544"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"201","article-title":"Measuring the accessibility and equity of public parks: A case study using GIS","volume":"6","author":"Nicholls","year":"2001","journal-title":"Manag. Leis."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2018.10.006","article-title":"Location optimization of urban fire stations: Access and service coverage","volume":"73","author":"Yao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Environ. Urban Syst."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1108\/eb054819","article-title":"A comparison of heuristic methods for service facility locations","volume":"8","author":"Ardalan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"103710","article-title":"ReCovNet: Reinforcement learning with covering information for solving maximal coverage billboards location problem","volume":"128","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.habitatint.2011.12.023","article-title":"Restructuring for growth in urban China: Transitional institutions, urban development, and spatial transformation","volume":"36","author":"Wei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Habitat Int."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, R., Yue, W., Wei, F., Yang, G., Chen, Y., and Pan, K. (2022). Inequality of public facilities between urban and rural areas and its driving factors in ten cities of China. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17569-2"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2016.06.004","article-title":"Spatial deprivation of urban public services in migrant enclaves under the context of a rapidly urbanizing China: An evaluation based on suburban Shanghai","volume":"60","author":"Ouyang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.4236\/eng.2019.119041","article-title":"Study on the layout of 15-minute community-life circle in third-tier cities based on POI: Baoding City of Hebei Province","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Engineering"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2010.06.004","article-title":"The distributional impact of public services when needs differ","volume":"94","author":"Aaberge","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Public Econ."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2019.05.005","article-title":"The 15-minute walkable neighborhoods: Measurement, social inequalities and implications for building healthy communities in urban China","volume":"13","author":"Weng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Transp. Health"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s41651-023-00168-8","article-title":"Assessment of disparity in accessing railway stations in Thailand: An application geographic information system network analysis","volume":"8","author":"Theerathitichaipa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Geovisualization Spat. Anal."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/jors.12307","article-title":"Local public service provision and spatial inequality in Chinese cities: The role of residential income sorting and land-use conditions","volume":"57","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2018.04.008","article-title":"Exploring preference homogeneity and heterogeneity for proximity to urban public services","volume":"81","author":"Ardeshiri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2022.102644","article-title":"Associations between spatial access to medical facilities and health-seeking behaviors: A mixed geographically weighted regression analysis in Shanghai, China","volume":"139","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2024.106594","article-title":"Income inequality effect of public utility infrastructure: Evidence from rural China","volume":"179","author":"Wan","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"1988","article-title":"Deep mapping\u2014A critical engagement of cartography with neuroscience","volume":"47","author":"Zhong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Geomat. Inf. Sci. Wuhan Univ."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2003.08.007","article-title":"Public policies for managing urban growth and protecting open space: Policy instruments and lessons learned in the United States","volume":"69","author":"Bengston","year":"2004","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu, Z., Wang, Y., Wang, J., Wang, Z., and Zhou, Y. (2023). Needs hierarchy for public service facilities and guidance-control programming in small Chinese towns influenced by complex urbanization of residents: The evidence from Zhejiang. Land, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/land12061205"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Li, Q., Huang, H., Wu, W., Du, X., and Wang, H. (2017). The combined use of remote sensing and social sensing data in fine-grained urban land use mapping: A case study in Beijing, China. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9090865"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2018.10.010","article-title":"Social functional mapping of urban green space using remote sensing and social sensing data","volume":"146","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, T., Yang, J., Li, X., and Gao, P. (2016). Mapping urban land use by using Landsat images and open social data. Remote Sens., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs8020151"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1360\/N972016-00722","article-title":"The application of radar chart in geoscience and its significance","volume":"62","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin. Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"1409","article-title":"Method of radar chart comprehensive evaluation with uniqueness feature","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trans. Beijing Inst. Technol."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"87","article-title":"Study on matching efficiency of supply and demand of public service function facilities in Shanghai: Analysis based on the heterogeneity characteristics of residents","volume":"4","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Urban Probl."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2014.06.019","article-title":"Spectral clustering for sensing urban land use using Twitter activity","volume":"35","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"169","article-title":"Coefficient of variation","volume":"1","author":"Abdi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Encycl. Res. Des."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown, C.E. (1998). Coefficient of variation. Applied Multivariate Statistics in Geohydrology and Related Sciences, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-80328-4"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"574","article-title":"Evaluation of spatial allocation of residential quarters and public service facilities based on the perspective of15 minutes life circle: A case study of Urumqi City","volume":"44","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arid Land Geogr."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"77","article-title":"Differential Distribution and Influencing Factors of Urban Public Service Facility Distribution from a Life Circle Perspective: A Comparative Analysis of Cities of Different Sizes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region","volume":"31","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urban Stud."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"1484","article-title":"A new facility location problem for urban public facility planning toward 15-minute life circle: Model and experiment","volume":"78","author":"Zhai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Geogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, S., Xu, S., Wan, D., Liu, H., Zhao, L., Guo, L., and Ren, J. (2023). Equalization Measurement and Optimization of the Public Cultural Facilities Distribution in Tianjin Central Area. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15064856"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2024.106725","article-title":"Maximal covering location with partial coverage for second-level specialized health care services","volume":"169","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"71","article-title":"Study on Evaluation Method of Spatial Equalization of Basic Public Service Facilities from the Perspective of Homo-Urbanicus: Taking Wuhan as an Example","volume":"44","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"City Plan. Rev."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"98","article-title":"Elderly-Oriented Evaluation and Layout Optimization of Public Service Facilities in the Urban Main Areas of Big Cities: A Case Study of Qinhuai District of Nanjing","volume":"40","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geogr. Geo-Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"86","article-title":"Method Research on the Allocation Evaluation and Optimization of County-level Public Service Facilities based on Spatiotemporal Big Data","volume":"31","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urban Stud."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"53","article-title":"Different Service Levels of Urban Bus Stops in Jiangsu Province","volume":"39","author":"Che","year":"2020","journal-title":"Areal Res. Dev."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, W., Ren, X., and Guo, S. (2022). Evaluation of Public Service Facilities in 19 Large Cities in China from the Perspective of Supply and Demand. Land, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/land11020149"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, Y., and Luo, S. (2024). A Study on the Current Situation of Public Service Facilities\u2019 Layout from the Perspective of 15-Minute Communities-Taking Chengdu of Sichuan Province as an Example. Land, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/land13071110"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, M., Liang, Z., and Li, Z. (2024). Examining Spatial Disparities in Electric Vehicle Public Charging Infrastructure Distribution Using a Multidimensional Framework in Nanjing, China. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi13080296"}],"container-title":["ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/14\/5\/188\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:25:05Z","timestamp":1760030705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/14\/5\/188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijgi14050188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijgi14050188","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2220-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]}}}