{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T03:09:54Z","timestamp":1783566594354,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Young Backbone Teachers Support Plan of Beijing Information Science &amp; Technology University","award":["YBT 202405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YBT 202405"]}]},{"name":"Young Backbone Teachers Support Plan of Beijing Information Science &amp; Technology University","award":["2023GJYB12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GJYB12"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Research Project of Beijing Information Science &amp; Technology University","award":["YBT 202405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YBT 202405"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Research Project of Beijing Information Science &amp; Technology University","award":["2023GJYB12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GJYB12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the challenges of dynamic object interference and redundant information representation in map construction for indoor dynamic environments, this paper proposes an indoor dynamic environment mapping method based on semantic fusion and hierarchical filtering. First, prior dynamic object masks are obtained using the YOLOv8 model, and geometric constraints between prior static objects and dynamic regions are introduced to identify non-prior dynamic objects, thereby eliminating all dynamic features (both prior and non-prior). Second, an initial semantic point cloud map is constructed by integrating prior static features from a semantic segmentation network with pose estimates from an RGB-D camera. Dynamic noise is then removed using statistical outlier removal (SOR) filtering, while voxel filtering optimizes point cloud density, generating a compact yet texture-rich semantic dense point cloud map with minimal dynamic artifacts. Subsequently, a multi-resolution semantic octree map is built using a recursive spatial partitioning algorithm. Finally, point cloud poses are corrected via Transform Frame (TF) transformation, and a 2D traversability grid map is generated using passthrough filtering and grid projection. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method constructs multi-level semantic maps with rich information, clear structure, and high reliability in indoor dynamic scenarios. Additionally, the map file size is compressed by 50\u201380%, significantly enhancing the reliability of mobile robot navigation and the efficiency of path planning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi14070236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T04:50:05Z","timestamp":1750654205000},"page":"236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Indoor Dynamic Environment Mapping Based on Semantic Fusion and Hierarchical Filtering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2196-2343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Electrical Engineering School, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luying","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Electrical Engineering School, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianpu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Electrical Engineering School, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2024.3488147","article-title":"A Survey of Visual SLAM in Dynamic Environment: The Evolution from Geometric to Semantic Approaches","volume":"73","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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