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However, urban functional zone classification encounters significant challenges in accuracy and efficiency due to complicated image structures, ambiguous critical features, and high computational complexity. To tackle these challenges, this work proposes a novel XT-SECA algorithm employing a strengthened efficient channel attention mechanism (SECA) to integrate the feature-extraction XGBoost branch and the feature-enhancement Transformer feedforward branch. The SECA optimizes the feature-fusion process through dynamic pooling and adaptive convolution kernel strategies, reducing feature confusion between various functional zones. XT-SECA is characterized by sufficient learning of complex image structures, effective representation of significant features, and efficient computational performance. The Futian, Luohu, and Nanshan districts in Shenzhen City are selected to conduct urban functional zone classification by XT-SECA, and they feature administrative management, technological innovation, and commercial finance functions, respectively. XT-SECA can effectively distinguish diverse functional zones such as residential zones and public management and service zones, which are easily confused by current mainstream algorithms. Compared with the commonly adopted algorithms for urban functional zone classification, including Random Forest (RF), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), XT-SECA demonstrates significant advantages in terms of overall accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Kappa coefficient, with an accuracy enhancement of 3.78%, 42.86%, and 44.17%, respectively. The Kappa coefficient is increased by 4.53%, 51.28%, and 52.73%, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi14080290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T14:40:02Z","timestamp":1753454402000},"page":"290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["XT-SECA: An Efficient and Accurate XGBoost\u2013Transformer Model for Urban Functional Zone Classification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianmin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Advanced Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China"},{"name":"The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haixiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Disaster Risk Prevention and Emergency Management, School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3636-2298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenxue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8713-1550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Geological Resources and Environment Monitoring and Protection, Hebei Survey Institute of Environmental Geology, Shijiazhuang 050000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Mixed-use of industrial land: Foreign experience and practical implications","volume":"3","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Urban Plann. 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