{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T12:31:21Z","timestamp":1780662681792,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019048","name":"Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["21YJC630072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21YJC630072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Key Talent Project of the Yan Zhao Golden Platform for Talent Attraction in Hebei Province, China","award":["HJYB202528"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HJYB202528"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study constructs a global transportation carbon emission spatial correlation network via a modified gravity model and explores its evolutionary characteristics and dynamic mechanisms by integrating three-dimensional evolutionary analysis (node, overall, structural) and temporal exponential random graph model (TERGM). The main findings are as follows: (1) Global transportation carbon emission spatial correlation intensity keeps rising, with improved connectivity and integration, forming three regionally agglomerated correlation poles centered on the United States (America), China (Asia) and major European countries (Europe). (2) Network centrality distributes asymmetrically: Switzerland, Norway and the United States remain core nodes, while China, Japan and other Asian economies with strong direct correlation radiation are not in the core tier. (3) Third, evolutionary dynamics stem from the synergistic interaction of multidimensional attributes. \u2460 Economic level positively drives bidirectional connection emission and attraction; economic scale and openness curb emission but boost attraction, while tertiary industry structure inhibits both. \u2461 Only economic level and government efficiency exert significant positive effects on absdiff, fostering network heterophilic attraction. \u2462 Spatial and institutional proximity in edgecov effectively facilitate connection formation. \u2463 Endogenous network variables present a collaborative mechanism of reciprocity and transmission, constrained by network density. \u2464 Temporal effects show early connection structure forms path dependence, resulting in low dynamic variability and overall network stability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi15020089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T08:50:03Z","timestamp":1771577403000},"page":"89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evolutionary Characteristics and Dynamic Mechanism of the Global Transportation Carbon Emission Spatial Correlation Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"},{"name":"Strategy and Management Base of Mineral Resources in Hebei Province, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoge","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoduo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7580-2106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoxu","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accre.2021.03.004","article-title":"Achieving Paris Agreement temperature goals requires carbon neutrality by middle century with far-reaching transitions in the whole society","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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