{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:28:44Z","timestamp":1781533724113,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42471503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42471503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42101467"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42101467"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["42471503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42471503"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["42101467"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42101467"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022YFB3904201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB3904201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022YFF0711601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFF0711601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["XDB0740200-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB0740200-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["XDB0740200-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB0740200-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/034t30j35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Media texts convey emotions and stances that can shape the evolution of public opinion, which calls for comparable quantitative sentiment analysis. However, most existing approaches assign a single sentiment score to an entire article, making it difficult to distinguish functional differences across sentences and to clarify who expresses the sentiment and what the evaluation targets, thereby limiting interpretability and cross-source comparability. To address this issue, we propose a fine-grained sentiment quantification method for media texts that jointly considers sentence types and opinion holder\u2013target structure. The method obtains sentence-level sentiment scores and simultaneously extracts sentence types, opinion holders, and opinion targets, enabling article-level structured quantification and comparison under a unified evaluation setting. In our implementation, a large language model (LLM) is primarily used for semantic parsing and structured extraction. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method delivers stable performance on the sentiment score regression task (R2 = 0.899, MAE = 0.088, MSE = 0.027; relative to the strongest fine-tuned pretrained language model baseline in our comparison, RoBERTa with R2 = 0.871, this corresponds to a 2.8-percentage-point gain in R2 and an 8.3% reduction in MAE), and effectively supports opinion holder\u2013target identification (holder weighted average F1 = 0.812; target loose F1 = 0.691 in a supplementary evaluation). Building on these outputs, the method can further reveal the spatial distribution of sentiment bias in global media coverage, highlighting relative sentiment patterns in cross-national narratives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi15050201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:05:46Z","timestamp":1778162746000},"page":"201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fine-Grained Sentiment Quantification of Media Texts Considering Sentence Type and Holder\u2013Target Awareness"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"The Academy of Digital China (Fujian), Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1702-1564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daichao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Academy of Digital China (Fujian), Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunqiang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"},{"name":"College of Aerospace Intelligence, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Strategic Research on Frontier and Interdisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6910-832X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5245-4395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yichen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renwen","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter A. Allard School of Law, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2149-8269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5355-2015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sudha, K., Muthumarilakshmi, S., Kavitha, G., S., H., Kumar, V.N., and R., S.S. 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