{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T03:01:44Z","timestamp":1778641304803,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,17]],"date-time":"2016-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000921","name":"COST","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TD1202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TD1202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A protocol for the collection of vector data in Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) projects is proposed. VGI is a source of crowdsourced geographic data and information which is comparable, and in some cases better, than equivalent data from National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) and Commercial Surveying Companies (CSC). However, there are many differences in how NMAs and CSC collect, analyse, manage and distribute geographic information to that of VGI projects. NMAs and CSC make use of robust and standardised data collection protocols whilst VGI projects often provide guidelines rather than rigorous data collection specifications. The proposed protocol addresses formalising the collection and creation of vector data in VGI projects in three principal ways: by manual vectorisation; field survey; and reuse of existing data sources. This protocol is intended to be generic rather than being linked to any specific VGI project. We believe that this is the first protocol for VGI vector data collection that has been formally described in the literature. Consequently, this paper shall serve as a starting point for on-going development and refinement of the protocol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi5110217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,17]],"date-time":"2016-11-17T10:11:30Z","timestamp":1479377490000},"page":"217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Towards a Protocol for the Collection of VGI Vector Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Mooney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23 F2H6, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9993-1072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Minghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Como Campus, Via Valleggio 11, Como 22100, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Laakso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Geodeetinrinne 2, Masala 02430, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7365-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vyron","family":"Antoniou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hellenic Military Geographical Service, Evelpidon 4, Athens 11362, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1101-1333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana-Maria","family":"Olteanu-Raimond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Paris-Est, LASTIG COGIT, IGN, ENSG, F-94160 Saint-Mande, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6855-4980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andriani","family":"Skopeliti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School Of Rural and Surveying Engineer, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou 15780, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10708-007-9111-y","article-title":"Citizens as sensors: The world of volunteered geography","volume":"69","author":"Goodchild","year":"2007","journal-title":"GeoJournal"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/15230406.2013.874200","article-title":"Spatial collective intelligence? 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