{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T01:38:58Z","timestamp":1780450738791,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]],"date-time":"2017-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are portable devices that defibrillate and diagnose sudden-cardiac-arrest patients. Therefore, AEDs are widely installed in public places such as airports, schools, sport complexes, etc., and the installation of AEDs is required by law in these places. However, despite their usefulness, AEDs are mostly installed indoors with limited coverage outdoors. Hence, this study conducts research in the placement of AEDs in outdoor locations. This study considers a complicated urban environment using a pedestrian network dataset and network barriers. We draw on the Teitz and Bart\u2019s (1968) heuristic method that was built in the location-allocation solver in ArcMap. The results of this study found that a total of 455 AEDs, including 227 pre-installed AEDs, could be placed in the study area, thus providing an additional 228 devices. Compared with 10 different installation methods that were set as experimental groups, our test results found that additional installations were able to cover 10% to 30% more actual out-of-hospital cardiac-arrest cases. The main contribution of this study is the proposal of a new method in locating AEDs in optimal areas while considering complicated urban environments. We predict that the cardiac-arrest-related mortality rate would be reduced through implementing the findings of this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6020039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]],"date-time":"2017-02-06T11:29:27Z","timestamp":1486380567000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Locating Automated External Defibrillators in a Complicated Urban Environment Considering a Pedestrian-Accessible Network that Focuses on Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Pil","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-gu, Gwanak-ro, Seoul 08826, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Jun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Management Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheonam, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngmin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-gu, Gwanak-ro, Seoul 08826, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spatial Information Research Institute, Korea Cadastral Survey Corp., 141, Ulsadang-daero, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07332, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2010.02.029","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes from non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea: A nationwide observational study","volume":"81","author":"Ahn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(05)81654-3","article-title":"Outcome of cpr in a large metropolitan area\u2014Where are the survivors?","volume":"20","author":"Becker","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann. 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