{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T06:27:42Z","timestamp":1774333662510,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,25]],"date-time":"2017-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Community's Seventh Framework Programme","award":["612096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["612096"]}]},{"name":"Klaus Tschira Foundation, KTS, Heidelberg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the advent of location-aware smartphones, the desire for pedestrian-based navigation services has increased. Unlike car-based services where instructions generally are comprised of distance and road names, pedestrian instructions should instead focus on the delivery of landmarks to aid in navigation. OpenStreetMap (OSM) contains a vast amount of geospatial information that can be tapped into for identifying these landmark features. This paper presents a prototype navigation service that extracts landmarks suitable for navigation instructions from the OSM dataset based on several metrics. This is coupled with a short comparison of landmark availability within OSM, differences in routes between locations with different levels of OSM completeness and a short evaluation of the suitability of the landmarks provided by the prototype. Landmark extraction is performed on a server-side service, with the instructions being delivered to a pedestrian navigation application running on an Android mobile device.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6030064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T11:00:20Z","timestamp":1488193220000},"page":"64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Towards a Landmark-Based Pedestrian Navigation Service Using OSM Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Rousell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GIScience Research Group, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4916-9838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Zipf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIScience Research Group, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10708-007-9111-y","article-title":"Citizens as sensors: The world of volunteered geography","volume":"69","author":"Goodchild","year":"2007","journal-title":"GeoJournal"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Lynch, K. 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