{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T05:00:01Z","timestamp":1776574801117,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are often used to assess and monitor the environmental impacts caused by mining activities. The aim of this work was to develop a new application to produce dynamic maps for monitoring the temperature variations in a self-burning coal waste pile, under a GIS open source environment\u2014GIS-ECOAL (freely available). The performance of the application was evaluated with distributed temperature measurements gathered in the S. Pedro da Cova (Portugal) coal waste pile. In order to obtain the temperature data, an optical fiber cable was disposed over the affected area of the pile, with 42 location stakes acting as precisely-located control points for the temperature measurement. A monthly data set from July (15 min of interval) was fed into the application and a video composed by several layouts with temperature measurements was created allowing for recognizing two main areas with higher temperatures. The field observations also allow the identification of these zones; however, the identification of an area with higher temperatures in the top of the studied area was only possible through the visualization of the images created by this application. The generated videos make possible the dynamic and continuous visualization of the combustion process in the monitored area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6030087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T11:22:56Z","timestamp":1489749776000},"page":"87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Distributed Temperature Measurement in a Self-Burning Coal Waste Pile through a GIS Open Source Desktop Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7537-6606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0019-6862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Teodoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9212-4649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto 4050-123, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8659-234X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4631-7831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deolinda","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexia","family":"Lopez-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Polytechnic Building, University of Alcala, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Dominguez-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Polytechnic Building, University of Alcala, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Xabier","family":"Angulo-Vinuesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Polytechnic Building, University of Alcala, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Martin-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Polytechnic Building, University of Alcala, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Gonzalez-Herraez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Polytechnic Building, University of Alcala, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801, Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"191","article-title":"Coal formation and geochemistry","volume":"Volume 7","author":"Holland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Treatise on Geochemistry, Sediments Diagenesis and Sedimentary Rocks"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Ruiz, I., and Crelling, J.C. 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