{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:41:43Z","timestamp":1761896503950,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,28]],"date-time":"2017-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Region Nouvelle Aquitaine (France)","award":["2014-1R40103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-1R40103"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the appearance of Spatial Data Infrastructure several years ago, there has been a tremendous increase in spatial data available on the Internet. This situation raises several research issues, in terms of identifying the content actually accessible via this medium and its impact on governance and local authority management. Our study proposes a mixed methodology applied to 45 French institutional infrastructures, to compare the objectives stated by their promoters, their content, and the actual services provided. The methodology, based on an analysis of interviews with Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) coordinators and their answers to questionnaires, as well as a study of their websites and an exploration of over 160,000 metadata in their metadata catalogues, produced varied results concerning data accessibility, stakeholder networks, the interoperability of tools, and informational equality in different regions. Despite the proactive stance of SDI promoters, only 15.7% of data are open-access. Their interoperability remains restricted to specific types of actors and themes. Although geocollaboration organised by SDIs is very active, it only concerns the public sector. These disparities also concern their informational dimension, as some regions have considerable resources at their disposal, but others do not.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6040099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,28]],"date-time":"2017-03-28T10:24:33Z","timestamp":1490696673000},"page":"99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Spatial Data Sharing: A Pilot Study of French SDIs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Noucher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. Passages, Maison des Suds, 12 Esplanade des Antilles, 33607 Pessac, France"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Gourmelon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. LETG-Brest, IUEM, rue Dumont d\u2019Urville, 29280 Plouzan\u00e9, France"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Gautreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris 1 Panth\u00e9on Sorbonne, Lab. PRODIG, 2 rue Valette 75005 Paris France, pierre.gautreau@univ-paris1.fr"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Georis-Creuseveau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. Passages, Maison des Suds, 12 Esplanade des Antilles, 33607 Pessac, France"}]},{"given":"Adeline","family":"Maulpoix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. LETG-Brest, IUEM, rue Dumont d\u2019Urville, 29280 Plouzan\u00e9, France"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Pierson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. Passages, Maison des Suds, 12 Esplanade des Antilles, 33607 Pessac, France"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Pin\u00e8de","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Bordeaux Montaigne, Lab. MICA, 10 esplanade des Antilles 33607 Pessac France, nathalie.pinede@u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Pissoat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. Passages, Maison des Suds, 12 Esplanade des Antilles, 33607 Pessac, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4251-2955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Rouan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Lab. LETG-Brest, IUEM, rue Dumont d\u2019Urville, 29280 Plouzan\u00e9, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2011.638500","article-title":"Digital Earth 2020: Towards the vision for the next decade","volume":"5","author":"Craglia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Dig. Earth"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williamson, I., Rajabifard, A., and Feeney, M.-E.F. (2003). 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