{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T17:53:52Z","timestamp":1771523632635,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41601432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41601432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["8174074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8174074"]}]},{"name":"the National Public Benefit (Land) Research Foundation of China","award":["201511010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201511010"]}]},{"name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2016M590117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016M590117"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2652015339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2652015339"]}]},{"name":"the Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining &amp; Information Sharing of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou University","award":["2017LSDMIS06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017LSDMIS06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The model environment is a key component that enables a virtual geographic environment (VGE) to meet the scientific requirements for simulating dynamic phenomena and performing analyses. Considering the comprehensiveness of geographic processes and the requirements for the replication of model-based research, this paper proposes a model base framework for a model environment of a VGE that supports both model construction and modelling management, resulting in improved reproducibility. In this framework, model management includes model metadata, creation, deposition, encapsulation, integration, and adaptation; while modelling management focuses on invoking the model, model computation, and runtime control of the model. Based on this framework, to consider the problem of ever-worsening air quality, we applied the Linux-Apache-MySQL-Perl stack plus Supervisor to implement the model base to support a VGE prototype using professional meteorological and air quality models. Using this VGE prototype, we simulated a typical air pollution case for January 2010. The prototype not only illustrates how a VGE application can be built on the proposed model base, but also facilitates air quality simulations and emergency management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6050145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T11:44:18Z","timestamp":1493898258000},"page":"145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Design of a Model Base Framework for Model Environment Construction in a Virtual Geographic Environment (VGE)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chunxiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8850-0912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinqi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences in Beijing, No. 29, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Twenty years of progress GIScience in 2010","volume":"1","author":"Goodchild","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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