{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T06:44:44Z","timestamp":1778395484619,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Common goals of sustainable mobility approaches are to reduce the need for travel, to facilitate modal shifts, to decrease trip distances and to improve energy efficiency in the transportation systems. Among these issues, modal shift plays an important role for the adoption of vehicles with fewer or zero emissions. Nowadays, the electric bike (e-bike) is becoming a valid alternative to cars in urban areas. However, to promote modal shift, a better understanding of the mobility behaviour of e-bike users is required. In this paper, we investigate the mobility habits of e-bikers using GPS data collected in Belgium from 2014 to 2015. By analysing more than 10,000 trips, we provide insights about e-bike trip features such as: distance, duration and speed. In addition, we offer a deep look into which routes are preferred by bike owners in terms of their physical characteristics and how weather influences e-bike usage. Results show that trips with higher travel distances are performed during working days and are correlated with higher average speeds. Usage patterns extracted from our data set also indicate that e-bikes are preferred for commuting (home-work) and business (work related) trips rather than for recreational trips.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6070190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T10:11:35Z","timestamp":1498126295000},"page":"190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Unveiling E-Bike Potential for Commuting Trips from GPS Traces"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9080-4859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angel J.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, St-Pietersnieuwstraat 41,B-9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda en Electricidad y Computaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 V\u00eda Perimetral, 09-01-5863 Guayaquil, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Astegiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L-Mob Leuven Mobility Research Center, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5628-6974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidharta","family":"Gautama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, St-Pietersnieuwstraat 41,B-9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda en Electricidad y Computaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior Polit\u00e9cnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 V\u00eda Perimetral, 09-01-5863 Guayaquil, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Tamp\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L-Mob Leuven Mobility Research Center, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolien","family":"Beckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbs.2013.12.002","article-title":"Zooming into individuals to understand the collective: A review of trajectory-based travel behaviour studies","volume":"1","author":"Yue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Travel Behav. 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