{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:13:22Z","timestamp":1760242402837,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A challenge in regional inequality is to identify the relative influence of objective neighborhood context on subjective citizens\u2019 attitudes and experiences of place. This paper first presents six groups of hierarchal neighborhoods in optimizing public service inequality (PSI) indicators based on census blocks collected in Quito, Ecuador. Multilevel models were then applied to understand the relative influence of neighborhood-level PSI on citizens\u2019 perceptions of place, including individual-level perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion and neighborhood safety, and self-perceived health status. Our results show that the internal variability of the individual perceptions that is explained by neighborhood context is strongly influenced by the scale of neighborhood units. A spatial consistency between objective neighborhood context and subjective individual perception of place plays a crucial role in propagating mixed-methods approaches (qualitative-quantitative) and improves the spatial interpretation of public services inequality. Neighborhood context and citizens\u2019 perception of place should be integrated to investigate urban segregation, thereby providing insights into the underlying societal inequality phenomenon and quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6070200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T10:31:57Z","timestamp":1499164317000},"page":"200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A New Look at Public Services Inequality: The Consistency of Neighborhood Context and Citizens\u2019 Perception across Multiple Scales"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chunzhu","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics\u2014Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstrasse 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Cabrera Barona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics\u2014Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstrasse 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1860-8458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Blaschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics\u2014Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstrasse 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1080\/027321701300202028","article-title":"The Concept of Neighborhood in Health and Mortality Research","volume":"21","author":"Huie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soc. 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