{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:14:30Z","timestamp":1760242470992,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]],"date-time":"2017-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Geospatial data and geospatial e-services require governance and coordination between different governmental organisations. This article aims to understand what governance, and specifically what coordination, is used in Belgium for geospatial e-services and data. The Belgian case, with a focus on the regions and federal administration, is researched by making use of a document analysis, interviews with key stakeholders and an online survey. In contrast to the federal and Walloon administration, the Flemish administration and the Brussels Capital Region administration have a clearly developed governance model. Flanders combines hierarchy with network governance, whereas the Brussels administration is known for its hierarchical way of working. The transposition of the INSPIRE Directive had a strong influence: The Brussels Capital Region became more network-oriented, and the Walloon Region developed a form of network governance. The federal level, however, struggles to make the connection between geospatial data and e-services. From an inter-organisational perspective, the coordination can be labelled as a weak form of network governance: Cooperation exists, but only in a few areas. Nevertheless, geospatial data are exchanged within and between regions and the federal level. Geospatial e-services are also developed but there is a clear influence of the degree of organisational coordination on the development of geospatial e-services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6090282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]],"date-time":"2017-09-07T13:59:10Z","timestamp":1504792750000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Governance Landscape of Geospatial E-Services\u2014The Belgian Case"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Maxim","family":"Chantillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Public Governance Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Joep","family":"Crompvoets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Public Governance Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Vassilios","family":"Peristeras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thermi, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Crompvoets, J., and Bouckaert, G. 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