{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T12:56:05Z","timestamp":1765976165949,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper proposes a novel approach to detect road intersections from GNSS traces. Different from the existing methods of detecting intersections directly from the road users\u2019 turning behaviors, the proposed method detects intersections indirectly from common sub-tracks shared by different traces. We first compute the local distance matrix for each pair of traces. Second, we apply image processing techniques to find all \u201csub-paths\u201d in the matrix, which represents good alignment between local common sub-tracks. Lastly, we identify the intersections from the endpoints of the common sub-tracks through Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional turning point-based methods in terms of the F-score, and our previous connecting point-based method in terms of computational efficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6100311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T11:10:00Z","timestamp":1508325000000},"page":"311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Road Intersection Detection through Finding Common Sub-Tracks between Pairwise GNSS Traces"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Xingzhe","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"imec-IPI-UGent, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilfried","family":"Philips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec-IPI-UGent, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3141\/2291-08","article-title":"Inferring Road Maps from Global Positioning System Traces","volume":"2291","author":"Biagioni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transp. 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