{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T22:41:21Z","timestamp":1782600081551,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,31]],"date-time":"2018-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK W 1237-N23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK W 1237-N23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crowd-based events, such as football matches, are considered generators of crime. Criminological research on the influence of football matches has consistently uncovered differences in spatial crime patterns, particularly in the areas around stadia. At the same time, social media data mining research on football matches shows a high volume of data created during football events. This study seeks to build on these two research streams by exploring the spatial relationship between crime events and nearby Twitter activity around a football stadium, and estimating the possible influence of tweets for explaining the presence or absence of crime in the area around a football stadium on match days. Aggregated hourly crime data and geotagged tweets for the same area around the stadium are analysed using exploratory and inferential methods. Spatial clustering, spatial statistics, text mining as well as a hurdle negative binomial logistic regression for spatiotemporal explanations are utilized in our analysis. Findings indicate a statistically significant spatial relationship between three crime types (criminal damage, theft and handling, and violence against the person) and tweet patterns, and that such a relationship can be used to explain future incidents of crime.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi7020043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,31]],"date-time":"2018-01-31T05:51:17Z","timestamp":1517377877000},"page":"43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Estimating the Spatial Distribution of Crime Events around a Football Stadium from Georeferenced Tweets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2682-1416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina","family":"Ristea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral College GIScience, Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstra\u00dfe 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Kurland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing and Mathematical Sciences\u2014Institute for Security and Crime Science, University of Waikato, Gate 1 Knighton Road, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2233-6926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernd","family":"Resch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral College GIScience, Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstra\u00dfe 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, 1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral College GIScience, Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstra\u00dfe 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University, E-104 Howe-Russell-Kniffen Geoscience Complex, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad","family":"Langford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral College GIScience, Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Schillerstra\u00dfe 30, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1177\/2233865913499267","article-title":"International hostility and aggressiveness on the soccer pitch: Evidence from european championships and world cups for the period 2000\u20132012","volume":"16","author":"Caruso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. 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