{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T11:44:02Z","timestamp":1781523842925,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]],"date-time":"2018-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation","award":["LY17D040001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY17D040001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mobile laser scanning (MLS) has been widely used in three-dimensional (3D) city modelling data collection, such as Google cars for Google Map\/Earth. Building Information Modelling (BIM) has recently emerged and become prominent. 3D models of buildings are essential for BIM. Static laser scanning is usually used to generate 3D models for BIM, but this method is inefficient if a building is very large, or it has many turns and narrow corridors. This paper proposes using MLS for BIM 3D data collection. The positions and attitudes of the mobile laser scanner are important for the correct georeferencing of the 3D models. This paper proposes using three high-precision ultra-wide band (UWB) tags to determine the positions and attitudes of the mobile laser scanner. The accuracy of UWB-based MLS 3D models is assessed by comparing the coordinates of target points, as measured by static laser scanning and a total station survey.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi7040155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T04:29:17Z","timestamp":1524457757000},"page":"155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["An Autonomous Ultra-Wide Band-Based Attitude and Position Determination Technique for Indoor Mobile Laser Scanning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8783-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence","family":"Lau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence and Optimisation Research Group\/Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5291-2712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence and Optimisation Research Group\/Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence and Optimisation Research Group\/Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Doctoral Innovation Centre, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3938-8108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conghua","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nie","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Ningbo 315042, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faming","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Ningbo 315042, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2012.05.006","article-title":"Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Safety: Automatic Safety Checking of Construction Models and Schedules","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autom. 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