{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:44:10Z","timestamp":1760197450119,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,20]],"date-time":"2018-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41501420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41501420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The updating of changing information plays a significant role in ensuring the quality of OpenStreetMap, which is usually completed by mapping the whole changing objects with a high degree of uncertainty. The incremental object-based approach provides opportunities to reduce the unreliability of data, while challenges of data inaccuracy and redundancy remain. This paper provides an incremental outline-based approach for OpenStreetMap data updating to solve this issue. First, incremental outlines are delineated from the changed objects and distinguished through a spatial classification. Then, attribute information corresponding to incremental outlines is proposed to assist in describing the physical changes. Finally, through a geometric calculation based on both the spatial and attribute information, updating operations are constructed with a variety of rules to activate the data updating process. The proposed approach was verified by updating an area in the OpenStreetMap datasets. The result shows that the incremental outline-based updating approach can reduce both the time and storage costs compared to incremental objects and further improve data quality in the updating process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi7070277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T03:24:27Z","timestamp":1532316267000},"page":"277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Employing Incremental Outlines for OpenStreetMap Data Updating"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hanfa","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0963-0581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250300, China"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Geomatics Center of China, Beijing 100830, China"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250300, China"}]},{"given":"Kaixuan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250300, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Citizens as voluntary sensors: Spatial data infrastructure in the world of web 2.0","volume":"2","author":"Goodchild","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. 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