{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T02:44:37Z","timestamp":1781059477728,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["677312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["677312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It is widely acknowledged that the integration of BIM and GIS data is a crucial step forward for future 3D city modelling, but most of the research conducted so far has covered only the high-level and semantic aspects of GIS-BIM integration. This paper presents the results of the GeoBIM project, which tackled three integration problems focussing instead on aspects involving geometry processing: (i) the automated processing of complex architectural IFC models; (ii) the integration of existing GIS subsoil data in BIM; and (iii) the georeferencing of BIM models for their use in GIS software. All the problems have been studied using real world models and existing datasets made and used by practitioners in The Netherlands. For each problem, this paper exposes in detail the issues faced, proposed solutions, and recommendations for a more successful integration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi7080311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]],"date-time":"2018-08-03T03:03:15Z","timestamp":1533265395000},"page":"311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Processing BIM and GIS Models in Practice: Experiences and Recommendations from a GeoBIM Project in The Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9863-0152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Arroyo Ohori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL Delft, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0119-6124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Diakit\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of the Built Environment, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Krijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1251-8654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Ledoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL Delft, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1393-7279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jantien","family":"Stoter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL Delft, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kalantari, M. 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