{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:34:24Z","timestamp":1781886864529,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,26]],"date-time":"2018-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Close-range photogrammetry and thermographic imaging techniques are used for the acquisition of all the data needed for the non-invasive assessment of a honeybee hive population. Temperature values complemented with precise 3D geometry generated using novel close-range photogrammetric and computer vision algorithms are used for the computation of the inner beehive temperature at each point of its surface. The methodology was validated through its application to three reference beehives with different population levels. The temperatures reached by the exterior surfaces of the hives showed a direct correlation with the population level. In addition, the knowledge of the 3D reality of the hives and the position of each temperature value allowed the positioning of the bee colonies without the need to open the hives. This way, the state of honeybee hives regarding the growth of population can be estimated without disturbing its natural development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi7090350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]],"date-time":"2018-08-27T10:56:04Z","timestamp":1535367364000},"page":"350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Close-Range Photogrammetry and Infrared Imaging for Non-Invasive Honeybee Hive Population Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3223-9556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"L\u00f3pez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering, University of Salamanca, Hornos Caleros 50, 05003 \u00c1vila, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9427-3864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Lag\u00fcela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering, University of Salamanca, Hornos Caleros 50, 05003 \u00c1vila, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2657-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering, University of Salamanca, Hornos Caleros 50, 05003 \u00c1vila, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Mining Technology, Topography and Structures, University of Leon, Astorga, s\/n, 24401 Ponferrada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4383-9386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Mart\u00edn-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering, University of Salamanca, Hornos Caleros 50, 05003 \u00c1vila, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8949-4216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Aguilera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering, University of Salamanca, Hornos Caleros 50, 05003 \u00c1vila, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3896\/IBRA.1.49.1.30","article-title":"Colony losses, managed colony population decline, and Colony Collapse Disorder in the United States","volume":"49","author":"Ellis","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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