{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:14:09Z","timestamp":1784117649370,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-02628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this paper is to present a proposal for a national building standard in Sweden. We define requirements for the proposed standard, e.g., it should support development of 3D city models, connect to building information models (BIM) and national registers and be based on a national classification system for the urban environment. Based on these requirements we develop an Application Domain Extension (ADE) of the building model in the proposed CityGML 3.0 standard denoted CityGML Sve-Test. CityGML 3.0 includes several new features of interest, e.g., the space concept, enhanced possibilities to convert data, and to link to other standards. In our study we create test data according to CityGML Sve-Test and evaluate it against the requirements. It is shown that BIM models (in Industry Foundation Classes, IFC, format) can be converted to CityGML Sve-Test and that a classification system facilitates this conversion. The CityGML Sve-Test dataset can be used to increase the automation level in building permissions checking and a related study shows that CityGML 3.0 has capabilities to link to legal information and be a base for 3D cadastral index maps. Based on our experience, we suggest that the national building standard should conform to international standards and, if possible, include a classification system. The exchange format (GML, JSON etc.) might change, but to be based on a standardized data model ensures harmonized structures and concepts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9020078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T05:55:46Z","timestamp":1580450146000},"page":"78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Requirements, Development, and Evaluation of A National Building Standard\u2014A Swedish Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lantm\u00e4teriet, Lantm\u00e4terigatan 2 C, SE- 801 82 G\u00e4vle, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8107-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Resources, Energy and Infrastructure, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-Ola","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lantm\u00e4teriet, Lantm\u00e4terigatan 2 C, SE- 801 82 G\u00e4vle, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Engvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lantm\u00e4teriet, Lantm\u00e4terigatan 2 C, SE- 801 82 G\u00e4vle, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isak","family":"Hast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lantm\u00e4teriet, Lantm\u00e4terigatan 2 C, SE- 801 82 G\u00e4vle, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3252-1495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Harrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, S\u00f6lvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Achten, H., Pavlicek, J., Hulin, J., and Matejovska, D. 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