{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T01:09:35Z","timestamp":1772500175087,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFB0503500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFB0503500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Henan Scientific and Technological Project","award":["182102210382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["182102210382"]}]},{"name":"Open-end Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering","award":["No. SKLGIE2018-ZZ-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. SKLGIE2018-ZZ-6"]}]},{"name":"Training Program for Young Backbone Teachers of Henan Higher Education Institute","award":["No. 2017GGJS196"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2017GGJS196"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A smart tour route planning algorithm based on a Na\u00efve Bayes interest data mining machine learning is brought forward in the paper, according to the problems of current tour route planning methods. A machine learning model of Na\u00efve Bayes interest data mining is set up by learning a mass of training data on tourists\u2019 interests and needs. Through the recommended interest tourist site classifications from the machine learning module, the optimal tourist site mining algorithm based on the membership degree searching propagating tree of a tourist\u2019s temporary accommodation is set up, which mines and outputs the optimal tourist sites. The mined optimal tourist sites are taken as seed points to set up a tour route planning algorithm based on the optimal propagating tree of a closed-loop structure. Through the proposed algorithm, an experiment is designed and performed to output optimal tour routes conforming to tourists\u2019 needs and interests, including the propagating tree closed-loop structures, a minimum heap of propagating tree weight function value, and a weight function value complete binary tree. We prove that the proposed algorithm has the features of intelligence and accuracy, and it can learn tourists\u2019 needs and interests to output optimal tourist sites and tour routes and ensure that tourists can get the best motive benefits and travel experience in the tour process, by analyzing the experiment data and results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9020112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T03:20:03Z","timestamp":1582168803000},"page":"112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Smart Tour Route Planning Algorithm Based on Na\u00efve Bayes Interest Data Mining Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tourism Department, Leshan Vocational and Technical College, Leshan 614000, China"},{"name":"Institute of Geospatial Information, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"},{"name":"Chengdu Institute of Computer Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4205-9812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingzhan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geospatial Information, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tourism Department, Leshan Vocational and Technical College, Leshan 614000, China"},{"name":"Chengdu Institute of Computer Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tourism Department, Leshan Vocational and Technical College, Leshan 614000, China"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 451159, China"}]},{"given":"Guanghui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 451159, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhan, Q., Deng, S., and Zheng, Z. (2017). An adaptive sweep-circle spatial clustering algorithm based on gestalt. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 6.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201708.0040.v1"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21945","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2828032","article-title":"Building a spatially-embedded network of tourism hotspots from geotagged social media data","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2016.1156618","article-title":"Who visits the Kruger national park, and why? Identifying target markets","volume":"34","author":"Kruger","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Travel Tour. Mark."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2016.08.009","article-title":"Understanding the tourist mobility using gps: Where is the next place?","volume":"59","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tour. Manag."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3132","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2016.2542264","article-title":"Novel ant colony optimization methods for simplifying solution construction in vehicle routing problems","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, W., Ai, T., and Lu, W. (2018). A method for extracting road boundary information from crowdsourcing vehicle GPS trajectories. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041261"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/15230406.2017.1324823","article-title":"A geometric-based approach for road matching on multi-scale datasets using a genetic algorithm","volume":"45","author":"Chehreghan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cartogr. Geogr. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"1098","article-title":"Relaxation labelling matching for multi-scale residential datasets based on neighboring patterns","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geomat. Inf. Sci. Wuhan Univ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2015.08.003","article-title":"Green vehicle traffic routing system using ant-based algorithm","volume":"58","author":"Jabbarpour","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Netw. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"358","article-title":"Identifying the spatial structure of tourism attraction system in South Korea using GIS and network analysis: An application of anchor-point theory","volume":"9","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Destin. Mark. Manag."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proenv.2016.03.087","article-title":"Nature based tourism resources assessment using geographic information system (GIS): Case study in Bogor","volume":"33","author":"Rahayuningsih","year":"2016","journal-title":"Procedia Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/10095020.2017.1373955","article-title":"Repurposing a deep learning network to filter and classify volunteered photographs for land cover and land use characterization","volume":"20","author":"Tracewski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geo-Spat. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cordts, M., Omran, M., Ramos, S., Rehfeld, T., Enzweiler, M., Benenson, R., Franke, U., Roth, S., and Schiele, B. (2016, January 27\u201330). The cityscapes dataset for semantic urban scene understanding. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Las Vegas, NV, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.350"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v8i1.14517","article-title":"Big questions for social media big data: Representativeness, validity and other methodological pitfalls","volume":"14","author":"Tufekci","year":"2014","journal-title":"ICWSM"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4517","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2016.2535210","article-title":"Generation of a precise and efficient lane-level road map for intelligent vehicle systems","volume":"66","author":"Gwon","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hall, C.M., Le-Klahn, D.T., and Ram, Y. (2017). Tourism, Public Transport and Sustainable Mobility, Channel View Publications.","DOI":"10.21832\/9781845415990"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"124","article-title":"GPS-based mobile exercise application: An alternative tool to assess spatio-temporal patterns of visitors\u2019 activities in a National Park","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Park Recreat. Admin."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12057","article-title":"A pattern-based approach for matching nodes in heterogeneous urban road networks","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trans. GIS."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2015.03.068","article-title":"An effective taxi recommender system based on a spatio-temporal factor analysis model","volume":"314","author":"Hwang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2017.2684163","article-title":"Time-location-relationship combined service recommendation based on taxi trajectory data","volume":"13","author":"Kong","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1179\/1942787514Y.0000000017","article-title":"Urban travel behavior analyses and route prediction based on flfloating car data","volume":"6","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transport. Lett."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2013.816427","article-title":"Map-matching algorithm for large-scale low-frequency floating car data","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2015.2459812","article-title":"Path planning for single unmanned aerial vehicle by separately evolving waypoints","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Robot."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s11721-015-0116-8","article-title":"An ant colony-based semi-supervised approach for learning classifification rules","volume":"9","author":"Albinati","year":"2015","journal-title":"Swarm Intell."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2014.2382555","article-title":"Using ant colony system to consolidate VMs for green cloud computing","volume":"8","author":"Farahnakian","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"1","article-title":"A modifified ant colony optimization algorithm for network coding resource minimization","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/15472450.2013.856712","article-title":"A Mobile Application for Real-Time Multimodal Routing Under a Set of Users\u2019 Preferences","volume":"19","author":"Gkiotsalitis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8092147","article-title":"Research of the Passenger\u2019s Preferences and Requirements for the Travel Companion Application","volume":"4","author":"Dolinayova","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Adv. Transp."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1007\/s10851-018-0793-1","article-title":"Path-value functions for which Dijkstra\u2019s Algorithm Returns Optimal Mapping","volume":"60","author":"Ciesielski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Math. Imaging Vis."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"65","article-title":"A multimodal trip planning system incorporating the park-and-ride mode and real-time traffic and transit information","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Its World Congr."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2014.06.007","article-title":"Intelligent tourism recommender systems: A survey","volume":"41","author":"Moreno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2013.10.011","article-title":"Finding most reliable paths on networks with correlated and shifted log\u2013normal travel times","volume":"66","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Part B Methodol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2010.03.006","article-title":"Node centrality in weighted networks: Generalizing degree and shortest paths","volume":"32","author":"Opsahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc. Netw."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3141\/2537-07","article-title":"Map-Matching algorithm for applications in multimodal Transportation Network Modeling","volume":"2537","author":"Perrine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Rec."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1002\/mma.2904","article-title":"Clifford algebra method for network expression, computation, and algorithm construction","volume":"37","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Math. Methods Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2017.05.006","article-title":"Electric vehicle charging choices: Modelling and implications for smart charging services","volume":"81","author":"Daina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transp. Res. C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2015.07.006","article-title":"Detecting tourism destinations using scalable geospatial analysis based on cloud computing platform","volume":"54","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Environ. Urban Syst."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.82.8.593","article-title":"Automatic extraction of road networks from GPS traces","volume":"82","author":"Jia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Photogramm. Eng. Remote. Sens."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, Y., Liu, Y., Yuan, J., and Xie, X. (2011, January 17\u201321). Urban computing with taxicabs. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, Beijing, China.","DOI":"10.1145\/2030112.2030126"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.931-932.1382","article-title":"A framework of personalized travelling information services for Thailand","volume":"931\u2013932","author":"Asavasuthirakul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Res."}],"container-title":["ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/9\/2\/112\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T08:59:07Z","timestamp":1760173147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2220-9964\/9\/2\/112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijgi9020112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijgi9020112","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2220-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]}}}