{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:45:37Z","timestamp":1760237137792,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TEC2017-86722-C4-4-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TEC2017-86722-C4-4-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSI-102107-2016-8 ITEA3 N o 15018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSI-102107-2016-8 ITEA3 N o 15018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011698","name":"Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SBPLY\/17 \/180501\/000334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SBPLY\/17 \/180501\/000334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003176","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU 16\/06205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU 16\/06205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Traditionally, the standards of spatial modeling are oriented to represent the quantitative information of space. However, in recent years an increasingly common challenge is appearing: flexibly and appropriately integrating quantitative information that goes beyond the purely geometric. This problem has been aggravated due to the success of new paradigms such as the Internet of Things. This adds an additional challenge to the representation of this information due to the need to represent characteristic information of the space from different points of view in a model, such as WiFi coverage, dangerous surroundings, etc. While this problem has already been addressed in indoor spaces with the IndoorGML standard, it remains to be solved in outdoor and indoor\u2013outdoor spaces. We propose to take the advantages proposed in IndoorGML, such as cellular space or multi-layered space model representation, to outdoor spaces in order to create indoor\u2013outdoor models that enable the integration of heterogeneous information that represents different aspects of space. We also propose an approach that gives more flexibility in spatial representation through the integration of standards such as OpenLocationCode for the division of space. Further, we suggest a procedure to enrich the resulting model through the information available in OpenStreetMap.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9030169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T12:22:51Z","timestamp":1584015771000},"page":"169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Proposal for Modeling Indoor\u2013Outdoor Spaces through IndoorGML, Open Location Code and OpenStreetMap"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2893-0392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"Cantarero Navarro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0343-8596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Rubio Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4700-5557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Dorado Chaparro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0773-5846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix J.","family":"Villanueva Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6132-1199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria J.","family":"Santofimia Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4540-4338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Villa Alises","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7372-1568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan C.","family":"Lopez Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Architecture and Networks Group, School of Computer Science, Universty of Castilla-La Mancha; Paseo de la Universidad 4, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, L., Zhang, Y., Yang, L., and Ning, H. 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