{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T17:15:43Z","timestamp":1775841343179,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to the characteristics of the Southern Amazonas Mesoregion (Mesorregi\u00e3o Sul do Amazonas, MSA), conducting on-site surveys in all licensed forestry areas (Plano de Manejo Florestal, PMFS) is an impossible task. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to: (i) analyze the use of geointelligence (GEOINT) techniques to support the evaluation of PMFS; and (ii) verify if the PMFS located in the MSA are being executed in accordance with Brazilian legislation. A set of twenty-two evaluation criteria were established. These were initially applied to a \u201cstandard\u201d PMFS and subsequently replicated to a larger area of 83 PMFS, located in the MSA. GEOINT allowed for a better understanding of each PMFS, identifying illegal forestry activities and evidence of timber laundering. Among these results, we highlight the following evidences: (i) inconsistencies related to total transport time and prices declared to the authorities (70% of PMFS); (ii) volumetric information incompatible with official forest inventories and\/or not conforming with Benford\u2019s law (54% of PMFS); (iii) signs of exploitation outside the authorized polygon limits (51% of PMFS) and signs of clear-cutting (43% of PMFS); (iv) no signs of infrastructure compatible with licensed forestry (24% of PMFS); and (v) signs of exploitation prior to the licensing (19% of PMFS) and after the expiration of licensing (5%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9060398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T13:11:32Z","timestamp":1592399492000},"page":"398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Geointelligence against Illegal Deforestation and Timber Laundering in the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8775-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franco","family":"Perazzoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Sustainability and Development (SSD), Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Commissioner of Federal Police, 70610-902 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5940-5131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Bacelar-Nicolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences and Technology, Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology CEF, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-453 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1136-3387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Painho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA Information Management School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1070-312 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais  (INPE) (2020, January 20). 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