{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T18:20:56Z","timestamp":1782152456857,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41930104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41930104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A quantitative study of urban vitality brings new insights for evaluating the external construction environment and internal development power of cities. However, it still has limited knowledge of the relations between people\u2019s diverse urban life and urban vitality, although urban activities are often used as the proxy for urban vitality. This paper aims to deeply mine the content of urban social life and reveal the driving mechanism of urban vitality after inspecting human activities. We propose a general framework for exploring the spatial pattern and driving mechanism of urban vitality using multi-source big data. It builds a mapping relationship between various urban activities and urban vitality aspects, including economic and social. In addition, the physical environment (static) and human\u2013land interaction (dynamic) indicators are designed to analyze the driving mechanism of urban vitality using the Geographically Weighted Regression model. The results show that the spatial pattern and driving factors of urban vitality are heterogeneous over space regarding both the economic and social aspects of our experimental study. This work provides us with multiple perspectives to understand the connotation of urban vitality and urges us to develop rational strategies to make the city more vital, coordinated, and sustainable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9110617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T08:59:28Z","timestamp":1603443568000},"page":"617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["A New Urban Vitality Analysis and Evaluation Framework Based on Human Activity Modeling Using Multi-Source Big Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaojun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3228-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mianhao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/13574809808724418","article-title":"Making a city: Urbanity, vitality and urban design","volume":"3","author":"Montgomery","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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