{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:42:46Z","timestamp":1760236966456,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]],"date-time":"2020-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Energy consumption is a relevant matter in the design of IoT applications. Edge units\u2014sensors and actuators\u2014save energy by operating intermittently. When idle, they suspend their operation, losing the content of the onboard memory. Their internal state, needed to resume their work, is recorded on external storage: in the end, their internal operation is stateless. The backend infrastructure does not follow the same design principle: concentrators, routers, and servers are always-on devices that frustrate the energy-saving operation of edge devices. In this paper, we show how serverless functions, asynchronously invoked by the stateless edge devices, are an energy-saving option. We introduce a basic model for system operation and energy footprint evaluation. To demonstrate its soundness, we study a simple use case, from the design to a prototype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info11020085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T03:18:48Z","timestamp":1580872728000},"page":"85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Stateless IoT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9734-2044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Augusto","family":"Ciuffoletti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Informatica, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56126 Pisa PI, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sitt\u00f3n-Candanedo, I., Alonso, R.S., Garc\u00eda, O., Mu\u00f1oz, L., and Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez, S. (2019). Edge Computing, IoT and Social Computing in Smart Energy Scenarios. Sensors, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/s19153353"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Celesti, A., Mulfari, D., Fazio, M., Villari, M., and Puliafito, A. (2016, January 18\u201320). Exploring Container Virtualization in IoT Clouds. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP), St. Louis, MO, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/SMARTCOMP.2016.7501691"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pahl, C., Helmer, S., Miori, L., Sanin, J., and Lee, B. (2016, January 22\u201324). A Container-Based Edge Cloud PaaS Architecture Based on Raspberry Pi Clusters. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 4th International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud Workshops (FiCloudW), Vienna, Austria.","DOI":"10.1109\/W-FiCloud.2016.36"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Jock, R. (2019, July 26). 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