{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:54:07Z","timestamp":1760237647585,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018M641169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018M641169"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Humanity and Social Science Youth foundation of Ministry of Education of China","award":["19YJC630148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19YJC630148"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper focuses on the optimization problem of a signal timing design based on the concept of bus priority. This optimization problem is formulated in the form of a bi-level programming model that minimizes average passenger delay at intersections and vehicle delay in lanes simultaneously. A solution framework that implements the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is developed to efficiently solve the model. A case study based on a real-world intersection in Beijing, China, is implemented to test the efficiency and applicability of the proposed modeling and computing methods. The experiment\u2019s result shows that the optimization model can not only significantly improve the priority capacity of the buses at the intersection but also reduce the adverse impact of bus-priority approaches on the private vehicles for the intersections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info11060325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T12:16:57Z","timestamp":1592223417000},"page":"325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Signal Timing Optimization Model Based on Bus Priority"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Institute of Transportation Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3668-7954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengpeng","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huapu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Transportation Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bagherian, M., Mesbah, M., Ferreira, L., Charles, P., and Khalilikhah, M. 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