{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T12:22:27Z","timestamp":1763727747965,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004794","name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICS07899"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICS07899"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The amount of information available to archaeologists has grown dramatically during the last ten years. The rapid acquisition of observational data and creation of digital data has played a significant role in this \u201cinformation explosion\u201d. In this paper, we propose new methods for knowledge creation in studies of movement, designed for the present data-rich research context. Using three case studies, we analyze how researchers have identified, conceptualized, and linked the material traces describing various movement processes in a given region. Then, we explain how we construct ontologies that enable us to explicitly relate material elements, identified in the observed landscape, to the knowledge or theory that explains their role and relationships within the movement process. Combining formal pathway systems and informal movement systems through these three case studies, we argue that these systems are not hierarchically integrated, but rather intertwined. We introduce a new heuristic tool, the \u201ctrack graph\u201d, to record observed material features in a neutral form which can be employed to reconstruct the trajectories of journeys which follow different movement logics. Finally, we illustrate how the breakdown of implicit conceptual references into explicit, logical chains of reasoning, describing basic entities and their relationships, allows the use of these constituent elements to reconstruct, analyze, and compare movement practices from the bottom up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info11060338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T10:54:59Z","timestamp":1592996099000},"page":"338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Linking Theories, Past Practices, and Archaeological Remains of Movement through Ontological Reasoning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5329-719X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laure","family":"Nuninger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS\/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9\u2013Chrono-Environnement\/MSHE C.N. Ledoux, 25030 Besan\u00e7on, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8166-122X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Verhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Humanities\/CLUE+, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e9r\u00e8se","family":"Libourel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Montpellier2\u2013IRD\/Espace-Dev, 34093 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5232-1434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Opitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1243-3167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Rodier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS\/University of Tours\u2014CITERES\/MSH Val de Loire, 37020 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4744-5758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Laplaige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS\/University of Tours\u2014CITERES\/MSH Val de Loire, 37020 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Fruchart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS\/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9\u2013Chrono-Environnement\/MSHE C.N. Ledoux, 25030 Besan\u00e7on, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Leturcq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS\/University of Tours\u2014CITERES\/MSH Val de Loire, 37020 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathanael","family":"Levoguer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS\/University of Tours\u2014CITERES\/MSH Val de Loire, 37020 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-anthro-092611-145854","article-title":"Rescue Archaeology: A European View","volume":"41","author":"Demoule","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Anthropol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Haas, V., and van der Schut, P.A.C. (2014). The Valletta Convention Twenty Years After\u2014Benefits, Problems, Challenges, Archaeolingua. EAC Occasional Paper."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKeague, P., Corns, A., Larsson, \u00c5., Moreau, A., Posluschny, A., Van Daele, K., and Evans, T. (2020). One Archaeology: A Manifesto for the Systematic and Effective Use of Mapped Data from Archaeological Fieldwork and Research. Information, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/info11040222"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Opitz, R.S., and Cowley, D.C. (2013). Interpreting Archaeological Popography. Airborne Laser Scanning, 3D Data and Ground Observation, Oxbow Books. Occasional Publication of the Aerial Archaeology Research Group."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forte, M., and Campana, S. (2017). Digital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology. Archaeology in the Age of Sensing, Springer. Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40658-9"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Matisoo-Smith, E. (2008). Using DNA in landscape archaeology. Handbook of Landscape Archaeology, Left Coast Press."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2307\/40035365","article-title":"The Promise and Challenge of Archaeological Data Integration","volume":"71","author":"Kintigh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. Antiq."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Huvila, I. (2014). Recuperating GIS data from excavations: On the use, or lack of use, of digital archaeological information. Perspectives to Archaeological Information in the Digital Society, Department of ALM, Uppsala University."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"25","article-title":"Automated detection in remote sensing archaeology: A reading list","volume":"53","author":"Lambers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aarg. Newsl."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"31","article-title":"Learning to Look at LiDAR: The Use of R-CNN in the Automated Detection of Archaeological Objects in LiDAR Data from the Netherlands","volume":"2","author":"Lambers","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Comput. Appl. Archaeol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Opitz, R.S., and Cowley, D.C. (2013). Reading aerial images. Interpreting Archaeological Topography: Airborne Laser Scanning, 3D Data, and Ground Observation, Oxbow Books.","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvh1dqdz"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banaszek, \u0141., Cowley, D., and Middleton, M. (2018). Towards National Archaeological Mapping. Assessing Source Data and Methodology\u2014A Case Study from Scotland. Geosciences, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/geosciences8080272"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"63","article-title":"Developing FAIR Ontological Pathways: Linking Evidence of Movement in Lidar to Models of Human Behaviour","volume":"3","author":"Nuninger","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Comput. Appl. Archaeol."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"David, B., and Thomas, J. (2008). Noninvasive Subsurface mapping techniques, satellite and aerial imagery in landscape archaeology. Handbook of Landscape Archaeology, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"David, B., and Thomas, J. (2008). Survey strategies in landscape archaeology. Handbook of Landscape Archaeology, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corsi, C., Slap\u0161ak, B., and Vermeulen, F. (2013). Site discovery and evaluation through minimal interventions: Core sampling, test-pits and trial trenches. Good Practice in Archaeological Diagnostics. Non-Invasive Survey of Complex Archaeological Sites, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-01784-6"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Watson, P.J., Leblanc, S.A., and Redman, C.L. (1971). Explanation in Archaeology: An Explicitly Scientific Approach, Columbia University Press."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Schiffer, M.B. (1976). Behavioral Archaeology, Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hodder, I., and Hutson, S. (2003). Reading the Past. Current Approaches to Interpretation in Archaeology, Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511814211"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Renfrew, C. (1973). Illusion and meaning. The Explanation of Cultural Change: Models in Prehistory, Duckworth."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Childe, V.G. (2015). Piecing Together the Past: The Interpretation of Archaeological Data, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315748597"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Snead, J.E., Erickson, C.L., and Darling, A.J. (2009). A Road by Any Other Name: Trails, Paths, and Roads in Maya Language and Thought. Landscapes of movement. Trails, Paths, and Roads in Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.","DOI":"10.9783\/9781934536537"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Trombold, C.D. (1991). Sacbes of the northern Maya. Ancient Road Networks and Settlement Hierarchies in the New World, Cambridge University Press. New Directions in Archaeology."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1017\/S0956536101121097","article-title":"Ancient Maya Causeways and Site Organization at Caracol, Belize","volume":"12","author":"Chase","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anc. Mesoam."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2010.09.018","article-title":"Airborne LiDAR, archaeology, and the ancient Maya landscape at Caracol, Belize","volume":"38","author":"Chase","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Archaeol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fruchart, C. (2016). Utilisation de plans forestiers XVIIIe-XIXe si\u00e8cles pour une \u00e9tude arch\u00e9ologique des paysages pass\u00e9s de la for\u00eat de Chailluz (Besan\u00e7on): L\u2019exemple d\u2019un r\u00e9seau viaire. Bull. Cent. D\u2019\u00e9tudes M\u00e9di\u00e9v. D\u2019auxerre Bucema.","DOI":"10.4000\/cem.13789"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Snead, J.E., Erickson, C.L., and Darling, A.J. (2009). Routes through the landscape. A Comparative Approach. Landscapes of Movement. Trails, Paths, and Roads in Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Trombold, C.D. (1991). Observations about research on prehistoric roads in South America. Ancient Road Networks and Settlement Hierarchies in the New World, Cambridge University Press. New Directions in Archaeology."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Robert, S., and Poirier, B. (2014). La chauss\u00e9e Jules-C\u00e9sar, r\u00e9silience d\u2019une grande voie antique dans le Vexin fran\u00e7ais (Val-d\u2019Oise). Dynamique et R\u00e9silience des r\u00e9seaux Routiers: Arch\u00e9og\u00e9ographes et Arch\u00e9ologues en \u00cele-de-France, FERACF."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lefebvre, H. (1974). La Production de L\u2019espace, \u00c9ditions Anthropos.","DOI":"10.3406\/homso.1974.1855"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Ingold, T. (2011). Being Alive: Essays on Movement, Knowledge and Description, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Trombold, C.D. (1991). Ancient Road Networks and Settlement Hierarchies in the New World, Cambridge University Press. New Directions in Archaeology."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Trombold, C.D. (1991). Paths and roads in evolutionary perspective. Ancient Road Networks and Settlement Hierarchies in the New World, Cambridge University Press. New Directions in Archaeology."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"66","article-title":"Understanding movement: A pilot model towards the sociology of movement","volume":"Volume 321","author":"Lock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Beyond the Map. Archaeology and Spatial Technologies"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Snead, J.E. (2006, January 22). Trails of Tradition: Archaeology, Landscape, and Movement. Proceedings of the Landscapes of Movement Symposium, University of Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia, PA, USA."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/aman.12005","article-title":"How People Moved among Ancient Societies: Broadening the View","volume":"115","author":"Cameron","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. Anthropol."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Ogden, C.K., and Richards, I.A. (1923). The Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the Influence of Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism, Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Snead, J.E., Erickson, C.L., and Darling, A.J. (2009). Trail of tradition: Movement, meaning, an place. Landscapes of Movement. Trails, Paths, and Roads in Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.","DOI":"10.9783\/9781934536537"},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"75","article-title":"The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Module: An ontological approach to semantic interoperability of metadata","volume":"24","author":"Doerr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ai Mag."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s00799-016-0199-x","article-title":"Documenting archaeological science with CIDOC CRM","volume":"18","author":"Nicolucci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Digit. Libr."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Snead, J.E., Erickson, C.L., and Darling, A.J. (2009). Precolumbian causeways and canals as landesque capital. Landscapes of Movement. Trails, Paths, and Roads in Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Snead, J.E., Erickson, C.L., and Darling, A.J. (2009). Agency Causeways Canals and the Landscapes of Everyday Life in the Bolivian Amazon. Landscapes of Movement. Trails, Paths, and Roads in Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Compatangelo-Soussignan, R., Bertrand, J.-R., Chapman, J., and Laffont, P.-Y. (2008). Fonction et devenir d\u2019un r\u00e9seau invisible: Les cr\u00eates de labours dans les terroirs beaucerons (XIVe-XXe si\u00e8cles). Proceedings of the Marqueurs des Paysages et Syst\u00e8mes Socio-Economiques, Presses universitaires de Rennes."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"73","article-title":"Nature et dynamique des cit\u00e9s mayas","volume":"59","author":"Arnauld","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Hist. Sci. Soc."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Snead, J.E., Erickson, C.L., and Darling, A.J. (2009). Landscapes of movement. Trails, Paths, and Roads in Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.","DOI":"10.9783\/9781934536537"},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"271","article-title":"Les techniques du corps","volume":"XXXII","author":"Mauss","year":"1936","journal-title":"J. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bourdieu, P. (1972). Esquisse d\u2019une Th\u00e9orie de la Pratique. Pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 de \u00abTrois Etudes D\u2019ethnologie Kabyle\u00bb, Librairie Droz. Travaux de Sciences Sociales.","DOI":"10.3917\/droz.bourd.1972.01"},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Bourdieu, P. (1980). Le Sens Pratique, Les \u00c9ditions du Minuit. Le sens commun."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Beresford, M.W., St. Joseph, J.K.S., Joseph, J.K.S.S., and Joseph, J.K.S.S. (1979). Medieval England: An Aerial Survey, Cambridge University Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"47","article-title":"A relatively neglected field form: The headland ridge","volume":"21","author":"Baker","year":"1973","journal-title":"Agric. Hist. Rev."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Bourrigaud, R., and Sigaut, F. (2006, January 25\u201328). Le labour et le d\u00e9tour\u00e9; derri\u00e8re les techniques se cache la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 (Damgan, Morbihan). Proceedings of the Nous Labourons, Actes du Colloque Technique de Travail de la Terre, Hier et Aujourd\u2019hui, ici et l\u00e0-bas, Nantes, France."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3406\/bagf.1953.7411","article-title":"Formes de structure parcellaire dans la plaine d\u2019Alsace","volume":"30","author":"Juillard","year":"1953","journal-title":"Bull. Assoc. G\u00e9ographes Fr."},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"McOmish, D. (2011). Introductions to Heritage Assets: Field Systems. Engl. Herit., 1\u20135."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hall, D. (2014). The Open Fields of England, OUP.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198702955.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Guilaine, J. (1991). Les terroirs m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux dans le Nord et le Nord-Ouest de l\u2019Europe. Pour Une Arch\u00e9ologie Agraire: A la Crois\u00e9e des Sciences de L\u2019homme et de la Nature, A. Colin."},{"key":"ref_56","unstructured":"Trombold, C.D. (1991). An Introduction to the Study of Ancient New World Road Networks. Ancient Road Networks and Settlement Hierarchies in the New World, Cambridge University Press. New Directions in Archaeology."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chazan, M. (2018). World Prehistory and Archaeology: Pathways through Time, Routledge. [4th ed.].","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315208183"},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"Ricoeur, P. (1990). Soi-M\u00eame Comme un Autre, Seuil. Points essais."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodier, X., and Saligny, L. (2010). Mod\u00e9lisation des objets historiques selon la fonction, l\u2019espace et le temps pour l\u2019\u00e9tude des dynamiques urbaines dans la longue dur\u00e9e. Cybergeo Eur. J. Geogr.","DOI":"10.4000\/cybergeo.23175"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/00665983.2016.1191129","article-title":"The ancient origins of medieval fields: A reassessment","volume":"173","author":"Williamson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archaeol. J."},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Rippon, S., Smart, C., and Pears, B. (2015). The Fields of Britannia: Continuity and Change in the Late Roman and Early Medieval Landscape, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Wallace, A.D. (1993). Walking, Literature, and English Culture: The Origins and Uses of Peripatetic in the Nineteenth Century, Clarendon Press."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2012.12.025","article-title":"Models of settlement hierarchy based on partial evidence","volume":"40","author":"Bevan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Archaeol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"235","article-title":"Comparing network construction techniques in the context of local transport networks in the Dutch part of the Roman limes","volume":"15","author":"Groenhuijzen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Archaeol. Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prignano, L., Morer, I., and D\u00edaz-Guilera, A. (2017). Wiring the past. A network science perspective on the challenge of archaeological similarity networks. Front. Digit. Humanit., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fdigh.2017.00013"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"71","article-title":"Land developers and archaeological information","volume":"1","author":"Huvila","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"Evans, T.L., and Daly, P. (2006). Digital Archaeology: Bridging Method and Theory, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamermans, H., Gojda, M., and Posluschny, A. (2014). A Sense of the Past: Studies in Current Archaeological Applications of Remote Sensing and Non-Invasive Prospection Methods, Archaeopress.","DOI":"10.30861\/9781407312163"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vincent, M.L., Bendicho, V.M.L.-M., Ioannides, M., and Levy, T.E. (2017). Heritage and Archaeology in the Digital Age: Acquisition, Curation, and Dissemination of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data, Springer international Publishing. Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-65370-9"},{"key":"ref_70","unstructured":"David, B., and Thomas, J. (2008). The use of human skeletal remains in the landscape archaeology. Handbook of Landscape Archaeology, Left Coast Press."},{"key":"ref_71","unstructured":"Johnson, J.K. (2006). Ground truthing the results of geophysical surveys. Remote Sensing in Archaeology: An Explicitly North American Perspective, The University of Alabama Press."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamermans, H., Gojda, M., and Posluschny, A. (2014). A decade of ground-truthing: Reappraising magnetometer prospection surveys on linear corridors in light of excavation evidence. A Sense of the Past: Studies in Current Archaeological Applications of Remote Sensing and Non-Invasive Prospection Methods, Archaeopress.","DOI":"10.30861\/9781407312163"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/arp.1730","article-title":"Object-based image analysis: A review of developments and future directions of automated feature detection in landscape archaeology","volume":"26","author":"Davis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Archaeol. Prospect."}],"container-title":["Information"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2078-2489\/11\/6\/338\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:42:33Z","timestamp":1760175753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2078-2489\/11\/6\/338"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["info11060338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/info11060338","relation":{},"ISSN":["2078-2489"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2078-2489"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]}}}