{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:06:31Z","timestamp":1760234791687,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security","award":["21009919006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21009919006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prior studies have extensively discussed firms\u2019 propensity of licensing under different levels of competition. This study clarifies the differences between potential technology competition (PTC) and actual licensing competition (ALC). We investigate the relationship between these two types of competition in the context of Chinese patent licensing landscape, using patent licensing data during 2002\u20132013. We find that the positive effect of PTC on ALC is contingent upon the nature of licensed patent, such as generality, complexity, and newness. Our findings help scholars and managers interested in licensing to understand and monitor the likelihood of licensing competition. Policy implications are presented at the end of this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info12070260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T23:22:14Z","timestamp":1624576934000},"page":"260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Potential to Real Threat? The Impacts of Technology Attributes on Licensing Competition\u2014Evidence from China during 2002\u20132013"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Urban Economics and Management, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Li-Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DTU Centre for Technology Entrepreneurship, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuandi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangdong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2681(03)00002-7","article-title":"Licensing the market for technology","volume":"52","author":"Arora","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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