{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:26:12Z","timestamp":1780392372944,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":177,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Horizon 2020","award":["833673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["833673"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The paper presents a classification of cyber attacks within the context of the state of the art in the maritime industry. A systematic categorization of vessel components has been conducted, complemented by an analysis of key services delivered within ports. The vulnerabilities of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been given particular consideration since it is a critical subcategory of many maritime infrastructures and, consequently, a target for cyber attacks. Recent research confirms that the dramatic proliferation of cyber crimes is fueled by increased levels of integration of new enabling technologies, such as IoT and Big Data. The trend to greater systems integration is, however, compelling, yielding significant business value by facilitating the operation of autonomous vessels, greater exploitation of smart ports, a reduction in the level of manpower and a marked improvement in fuel consumption and efficiency of services. Finally, practical challenges and future research trends have been highlighted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info13010022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T01:15:26Z","timestamp":1641518126000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Cyber Security in the Maritime Industry: A Systematic Survey of Recent Advances and Future Trends"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0135-9942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Amine","family":"Ben Farah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Networks and Cyber Security, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1350-4438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elochukwu","family":"Ukwandu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Cardiff School of Technologies, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5195-8193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanan","family":"Hindy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9677-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Brosset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Academy Research Institute, Arts et M\u00e9tiers Institute of Technology, BCRM Brest, \u00c9cole Navale, CC 600, CEDEX 9, 29240 Brest, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2994-7826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miroslav","family":"Bures","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, FEE, Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo Nam. 13, 121 35 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9093-5245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Andonovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Royal College Building, University of Strathclyde, 204 George St., Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1849-5788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Bellekens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lupovis Limited, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK"},{"name":"The Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council, Washington, DC 20005, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cstp.2020.07.009","article-title":"Innovation and maritime transport: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Koukaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Case Stud. 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