{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:00:22Z","timestamp":1760148022508,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["71903013","72101028","72274012","72073009","FRF-BR-19-004B","FRF-BR-20-03A","X20042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71903013","72101028","72274012","72073009","FRF-BR-19-004B","FRF-BR-20-03A","X20042"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["71903013","72101028","72274012","72073009","FRF-BR-19-004B","FRF-BR-20-03A","X20042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71903013","72101028","72274012","72073009","FRF-BR-19-004B","FRF-BR-20-03A","X20042"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture","award":["71903013","72101028","72274012","72073009","FRF-BR-19-004B","FRF-BR-20-03A","X20042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71903013","72101028","72274012","72073009","FRF-BR-19-004B","FRF-BR-20-03A","X20042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>R&amp;D strategies play a decisive role in the promotion of enterprise innovation output and innovation ability. In order to thoroughly investigate the R&amp;D strategies of iron and steel enterprises, an R&amp;D strategy analysis framework based on R&amp;D semantic topic analysis and outlier behavior detection was proposed. Additionally, empirical research on R&amp;D layout and direction, R&amp;D quality, and the achievement maintenance strategy of enterprises, from both macro and micro perspectives, was conducted. The feasibility of the R&amp;D strategy analysis framework was verified. Additionally, the results show that, in terms of R&amp;D topic layout strategy, most enterprises adopted a stable maintenance strategy after quickly completing the layout; regarding the R&amp;D focus strategy, most enterprises focused on R&amp;D fields and carried out strategic management; for R&amp;D quality control strategy, some enterprises adopted a strategy of prolonging the duration of invention patents, and high-quality outputs with a long lifetime were developed rapidly. These research results have reference value for Chinese enterprises, to adjust their R&amp;D strategies, and for the government, to formulate supporting policies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info14030199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T06:00:01Z","timestamp":1679464801000},"page":"199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research on the R&amp;D Strategies of Iron and Steel Enterprises Based on Semantic Topic Analysis of Patents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Urban Economics and Management, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-1803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]},{"given":"Zitong","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.120412","article-title":"Designing energy policy based on dynamic change in energy and carbon dioxide emission performance of China\u2019s iron and steel industry","volume":"256","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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