{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T02:41:30Z","timestamp":1772851290974,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Thai Nguyen University of Technology (TNUT), Vietnam"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Facial mask detection technology has become increasingly important even beyond the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Along with the advancement in facial recognition technology, face mask detection has become a crucial feature for various applications. This paper introduces an Internet of Things (IoT) architecture based on a developed deep learning algorithm named You Only Look Once (YOLO) to keep society healthy, and secured, and collect data for future research. The proposed paradigm is built on the basis of economic consideration and is easy to implement. Yet, the used YOLOv4-tiny is one of the fastest object detection models to exist. A mask detection camera (MaskCam) that leverages the computing power of NVIDIA\u2019s Jetson Nano edge nanodevices was built side by side with a smart camera application to detect a mask on the face of an individual. MaskCam distinguishes between mask wearers, those who are not wearing masks, and those who are not wearing masks properly according to MQTT protocol. Furthermore, a self-developed web browsing application comes with the MaskCam system to collect and visualize statistics for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The practical results demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed smart mask detection system. On the one hand, YOLOv4-full obtained the best results even at smaller resolutions, although the frame rate is too small for real-time use. On the other hand, it is twice as fast as the other detection models, regardless of the quality of detection. Consequently, inferences may be run more frequently over the entire video sequence, resulting in more accurate output.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info14070379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T01:38:32Z","timestamp":1688434712000},"page":"379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Practical Hybrid IoT Architecture with Deep Learning Technique for Healthcare and Security Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3672-7124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viet Q.","family":"Vu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of International Training, Thai Nguyen University of Technology, 3\/2 Street, Tich Luong Ward, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6828-2679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh-Quang","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, TUETECH University, 1B Street Dong Bam Ward, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam"},{"name":"Industry 4.0 Implementation Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0323-0998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Palestine Technical University\u2014Kadoorie, Tulkarm P.O. Box 7, Palestine"}]},{"given":"Mahesh","family":"Khatiwada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9387-1950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherif S. M.","family":"Ghoneim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0411-9637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Elsisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807618, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo 11629, Egypt"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101751","article-title":"Efficacy of face mask in preventing respiratory virus transmission: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. 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