{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:12:27Z","timestamp":1772993547760,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to explore the utilization of user-generated content for product improvement and decision-making processes. In the era of big data, the channels through which enterprises obtain user feedback information are transitioning from traditional methods to online platforms. The original data for this study were obtained from customer reviews of cordless hairdryers on JD.com. The specific process is as follows: First, we used the Python Requests package to crawl 20,157 initial comments. Subsequently, the initial data were cleaned, resulting in 1405 valid comments. Next, the cleaned and valid comments were segmented into Chinese words using the HanLP package. Finally, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method was applied for topic modeling. The visualization of the topic clustering was generated using pyLDAvis, and three optimal topics were identified. These topics were named \u201cUser Experience\u201d, \u201cProduct Evaluation\u201d, and \u201cProduct Features\u201d, respectively. Through data analysis and expert consultation, this study developed product design improvement strategies based on online reviews and verified the validity of the developed cordless hairdryer design index system through a questionnaire survey, providing practical references and innovative theoretical foundations for future product design assessments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info14080434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T11:17:17Z","timestamp":1690975037000},"page":"434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["How Could Consumers\u2019 Online Review Help Improve Product Design Strategy?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1351-6298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Graduate Institute of Design Science, Tatung University, Taipei 104, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Textile Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China"}]},{"given":"Kai-Chieh","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Design, Tatung University, Taipei 104, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Chih-Fu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Design, Tatung University, Taipei 104, Taiwan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5923-9126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Arts and Design, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}]},{"given":"Weibo","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Textile Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1852-2811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Textile Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9810-3168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Arts & Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTM.2003.003418","article-title":"Customers\u2019 perspectives of involvement in new product development","volume":"26","author":"Brockhoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfl033","article-title":"Nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias in household surveys","volume":"70","author":"Groves","year":"2006","journal-title":"Public Opin. Q."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1177\/0193841X18807719","article-title":"Rethinking response rates: New evidence of little relationship between survey response rates and nonresponse bias","volume":"43","author":"Hendra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eval. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2016.06.002","article-title":"Mining customer requirements from online reviews: A product improvement perspective","volume":"53","author":"Qi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2017.12.261","article-title":"Structuring engineers\u2019 implicit knowledge of forming process design by using a graph model","volume":"67","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Cirp."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2019.03.002","article-title":"A framework for fake review detection in online consumer electronics retailers","volume":"56","author":"Barbado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inf. Process. Manag."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2018.12.003","article-title":"Enhancing the helpfulness of online consumer reviews: The role of latent (content) factors","volume":"48","author":"Srivastava","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2021.108148","article-title":"The underexplored impacts of online consumer reviews: Pricing and new product design strategies in the O2O supply chain","volume":"237","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jairtraman.2019.101760","article-title":"Text mining approach to explore dimensions of airline customer satisfaction using online customer reviews","volume":"83","author":"Lucini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Air Transp. Manag."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Chen, Z., Ma, N., and Liu, B. (2018). Lifelong learning for sentiment classification. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2016.08.004","article-title":"Analyzing electronic word of mouth: A social commerce construct","volume":"37","author":"Ahmad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"46","article-title":"Sentiment analysis of customer feedbacks in online food ordering services","volume":"12","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bus. Syst. Res. Int. J. Soc. Adv. Innov. Res. Econ."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.07.070","article-title":"Improving user experience with case-based reasoning systems using text mining and Web 2.0","volume":"40","author":"He","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"185","article-title":"What makes a helpful online review? A study of customer reviews on Amazon.com","volume":"34","author":"Schuff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Electron. Publ."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2014\/38.2.10","article-title":"Anxious or angry? Effects of discrete emotions on the perceived helpfulness of online reviews","volume":"38","author":"Yin","year":"2014","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2010.11.009","article-title":"Exploring determinants of voting for the \u201chelpfulness\u201d of online user reviews: A text mining approach","volume":"50","author":"Cao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, P.-Y., Dhanasobhon, S., and Smith, M.D. (2008). All reviews are not created equal: The disaggregate impact of reviews and reviewers at amazon.com. Com.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.918083"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kleinberg, J. (2002, January 14\u201318). Bursty and hierarchical structure in streams. Proceedings of the Eighth ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Washington, DC, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/775047.775061"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peji\u0107 Bach, M., Ivec, A., and Hrman, D. (2023). Industrial Informatics: Emerging Trends and Applications in the Era of Big Data and AI. Electronics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12102238"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, T., Wang, X., Yu, Y., Yu, G., and Tong, X. (2023). Exploring the Dynamic Characteristics of Public Risk Perception and Emotional Expression during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sina Weibo. Systems, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems11010045"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2015.1103332","article-title":"A Smoking Cessation Campaign on Twitter: Understanding the Use of Twitter and Identifying Major Players in a Health Campaign","volume":"21","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Health Commun."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, W., Jin, G., Huang, C., and Zhang, J. (2023). Attention and Sentiment of the Chinese Public toward a 3D Greening System Based on Sina Weibo. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20053972"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, W.-K., Riantama, D., and Chen, L.-S. (2021). Using a Text Mining Approach to Hear Voices of Customers from Social Media toward the Fast-Food Restaurant Industry. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13010268"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Almatar, M.G., Alazmi, H.S., Li, L., and Fox, E.A. (2020). Applying GIS and Text Mining Methods to Twitter Data to Explore the Spatiotemporal Patterns of Topics of Interest in Kuwait. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi9120702"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7821","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122653799","article-title":"Community structure in social and biological networks","volume":"99","author":"Girvan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20987","article-title":"A new approach for detecting scientific specialties from raw cocitation networks","volume":"60","author":"Wallace","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10228","article-title":"Pathfinder networks and author cocitation analysis: A remapping of paradigmatic information scientists","volume":"54","author":"White","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-018-2954-9","article-title":"Identification of research communities in cited and uncited publications using a co-authorship network","volume":"118","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-010-0264-y","article-title":"Assessing scientific collaboration through coauthorship and content sharing","volume":"85","author":"Giuliani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"993","article-title":"Latent dirichlet allocation","volume":"3","author":"Blei","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montes-Escobar, K., De la Hoz, M.J., Barreiro-Linz\u00e1n, M.D., Fonseca-Restrepo, C., Lapo-Palacios, M.\u00c1., Verduga-Alc\u00edvar, D.A., and Salas-Macias, C.A. (2023). Trends in Agroforestry Research from 1993 to 2022: A Topic Model Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation and HJ-Biplot. Mathematics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/math11102250"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonetti, A., Mart\u00ednez-Sober, M., Torres, J.C., Vega, J.M., Pellerin, S., and Vila-Franc\u00e9s, J. (2023). Comparison between Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches for the Detection of Toxic Comments on Social Networks. Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/app13106038"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blei, D.M., and Lafferty, J.D. (2006, January 25\u201329). Dynamic topic models. Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Machine Learning, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/1143844.1143859"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chuang, J., Manning, C.D., and Heer, J. (2012, January 21\u201325). Termite: Visualization techniques for assessing textual topic models. Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, Capri Island, Italy.","DOI":"10.1145\/2254556.2254572"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Luo, J., Niemi, R., Li, Y., and Hu, T. (2016, January 17\u201320). Catching fire via\u201d likes\u201d: Inferring topic preferences of trump followers on twitter. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Cologne, Germany."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, J., Tao, Y., Shi, M., and Wu, J. (2022). Empirical Study on Design Trend of Taiwan (1960s\u20132020): The Evolution of Theme, Diversity and Sustainability. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su141912578"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hao, J., Gao, X., Liu, Y., and Han, Z. (2023). Acquisition Method of User Requirements for Complex Products Based on Data Mining. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15097566"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"17","article-title":"A correlated topic model of science","volume":"1","author":"Blei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Stat."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., Viswanath, V., and Chen, P. (2015, January 26\u201331). Extended topic model for word dependency. Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers), Beijing, China.","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-2083"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, W., Chen, J.J., Perkins, R., Liu, Z., Ge, W., Ding, Y., and Zou, W. (2015). A heuristic approach to determine an appropriate number of topics in topic modeling. BMC Bioinform., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-16-S13-S8"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gan, J., and Qi, Y. (2021). Selection of the optimal number of topics for LDA topic model\u2014Taking patent policy analysis as an example. Entropy, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/e23101301"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lau, J.H., and Baldwin, T. (2016). An empirical evaluation of doc2vec with practical insights into document embedding generation. arXiv.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W16-1609"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R\u00f6der, M., Both, A., and Hinneburg, A. (2015, January 2\u20136). Exploring the space of topic coherence measures. Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, Shanghai, China.","DOI":"10.1145\/2684822.2685324"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"31","article-title":"Normalized (pointwise) mutual information in collocation extraction","volume":"30","author":"Bouma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. GSCL"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Aletras, N., and Stevenson, M. (2013, January 19\u201322). Evaluating topic coherence using distributional semantics. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Semantics (IWCS 2013)\u2013Long Papers, Podsdam, Germany."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Mimno, D., Wallach, H., Talley, E., Leenders, M., and McCallum, A. (2011, January 27\u201331). Optimizing semantic coherence in topic models. Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Edinburgh, UK."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Newman, D., Lau, J.H., Grieser, K., and Baldwin, T. (2010, January 2\u20134). Automatic evaluation of topic coherence. Proceedings of the Human language technologies: The 2010 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Los Angeles, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sievert, C., and Shirley, K. (2014, January 27). LDAvis: A method for visualizing and interpreting topics. Proceedings of the Workshop on Interactive Language Learning, Visualization, and Interfaces, Baltimore, MA, USA.","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-3110"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.10.039","article-title":"What makes information in online consumer reviews diagnostic over time? The role of review relevancy, factuality, currency, source credibility and ranking score","volume":"80","author":"Filieri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2013.03.007","article-title":"Online travel reviews as persuasive communication: The effects of content type, source, and certification logos on consumer behavior","volume":"39","author":"Sparks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tour. Manag."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"419","article-title":"Effect of online reviews on consumer purchase behavior","volume":"8","author":"Mo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Serv. Sci. Manag."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-210564","article-title":"User experience evaluation method based on online product reviews","volume":"41","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.3846\/tede.2021.14223","article-title":"Modelling consumer satisfaction based on online reviews using the improved Kano model from the perspective of risk attitude and aspiration","volume":"27","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Econ. Dev. Econ."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.20473\/jisebi.4.1.57-64","article-title":"Sentiment analysis in the sales review of Indonesian marketplace by utilizing Support Vector Machine","volume":"4","author":"Lutfi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Inf. Syst. Eng. Bus. Intell."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"525","article-title":"Word2Vec model for sentiment analysis of product reviews in Indonesian language","volume":"9","author":"Fauzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107238","article-title":"Sentiment analysis using TF\u2013IDF weighting of UK MPs\u2019 tweets on Brexit","volume":"228","author":"Mee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"Linstone, H.A., and Turoff, M. (1975). The Delphi Method, Addison-Wesley."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15700","DOI":"10.2196\/15700","article-title":"Exploring abnormal behavior patterns of online users with emotional eating behavior: Topic modeling study","volume":"22","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/emre.12452","article-title":"From big data to rich theory: Integrating critical discourse analysis with structural topic modeling","volume":"18","author":"Aranda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2018.1484773","article-title":"Developing and validating a model for assessing paid mobile learning app success","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Interact. Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2016.06.005","article-title":"Effects of branded e-stickers on purchase intentions: The perspective of social capital theory","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiu, C.-Y., Chen, C.-L., and Chen, S. (2022). Broadband Mobile Applications\u2019 Adoption by SMEs in Taiwan\u2014A Multi-Perspective Study of Determinants. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12147002"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2011.02.001","article-title":"Exploring academic teachers\u2019 continuance toward the web-based learning system: The role of causal attributions","volume":"57","author":"Hung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gu, C., Huang, T., Wei, W., Yang, C., Chen, J., Miao, W., Lin, S., Sun, H., and Sun, J. (2023). The Effect of Using Augmented Reality Technology in Takeaway Food Packaging to Improve Young Consumers\u2019 Negative Evaluations. Agriculture, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13020335"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, L., Hu, H., Zhang, X., Li, L., Cao, C., Li, Y., Xu, Y., Sun, K., Yu, D., and Yu, C. (2020). CLUE: A Chinese language understanding evaluation benchmark. arXiv.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.419"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102971","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2997958","article-title":"Semantic comprehension of questions in Q&A system for Chinese Language based on semantic element combination","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2019.113079","article-title":"Assessing product competitive advantages from the perspective of customers by mining user-generated content on social media","volume":"123","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-011-5272-5","article-title":"Statistical topic models for multi-label document classification","volume":"88","author":"Rubin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."}],"container-title":["Information"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2078-2489\/14\/8\/434\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:24:07Z","timestamp":1760127847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2078-2489\/14\/8\/434"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["info14080434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/info14080434","relation":{},"ISSN":["2078-2489"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2078-2489","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]}}}