{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T04:21:43Z","timestamp":1773116503369,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Integrating physical simulation data into data ecosystems challenges the compatibility and interoperability of data management tools. Semantic web technologies and relational databases mostly use other data types, such as measurement or manufacturing design data. Standardizing simulation data storage and harmonizing the data structures with other domains is still a challenge, as current standards such as the ISO standard STEP (ISO 10303 \u201dStandard for the Exchange of Product model data\u201d) fail to bridge the gap between design and simulation data. This challenge requires new methods, such as ontologies, to rethink simulation results integration. This research describes a new software architecture and application methodology based on the industrial standard \u201dVirtual Material Modelling in Manufacturing\u201d (VMAP). The architecture integrates large quantities of structured simulation data and their analyses into a semantic data structure. It is capable of providing data permeability from the global digital twin level to the detailed numerical values of data entries and even new key indicators in a three-step approach: It represents a file as an instance in a knowledge graph, queries the file\u2019s metadata, and finds a semantically represented process that enables new metadata to be created and instantiated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info15010021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T11:19:21Z","timestamp":1703848761000},"page":"21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Methodology for Integrating Hierarchical VMAP-Data Structures into an Ontology Using Semantically Represented Analyses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9403-8824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Spelten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer-Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"},{"name":"PROSTEP AG, Dolivostr. 11, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1141-261X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morten-Christian","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer-Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6941-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PROSTEP AG, Dolivostr. 11, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer-Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1480-6745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Reith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer-Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Technology, Resource and Energy-Efficient Engineering (TREE), Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Grantham-Allee 20, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2014). 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