{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:12:43Z","timestamp":1781885563149,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French \u201cConseil D\u00e9partemental des Landes\u201d"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>University 4.0 represents the adaptation of the Education 4.0 paradigm to the university context. The core principle is the automated supervision of the entire student learning process by an AI-driven computer assistant, allowing for timely adjustments based on the student\u2019s progression. Critical to this process is the assistant\u2019s ability to collect comprehensive information on all student activities within the curriculum, particularly overseeing pedagogical activities in real time to make necessary adaptations. This utilizes Educational Cyber\u2013Physical Systems (ECPSs) to gather all relevant data and extract appropriate information effectively. This article examines a specific case of practical work involving students at two distinct geographical locations collaborating in a blended learning environment. A specialized ECPS is deployed to collect data from equipment at both sites, enabling the modeling of the pedagogical sequence, the cyber\u2013physical system, and the data necessary for monitoring student progress in real time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info15120790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T11:16:48Z","timestamp":1733743008000},"page":"790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Educational Cyber\u2013Physical Systems (ECPSs) for University 4.0"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4252-1421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Gallon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite de Pau et des Pays de l\u2019Adour, E2S, LIUPPA, 40000 Mont-de-Marsan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0620-7769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khouloud","family":"Salameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah 72603, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4112-1426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Chbeir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite de Pau et des Pays de l\u2019Adour, E2S, LIUPPA, 64600 Anglet, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samia","family":"Bachir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Innovation Department, Capgemini Engineering, 92190 Meudon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Aniort\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indicatic-AIP, National Institute on ICT, Panam\u00e0 City 0801, Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, June 12). 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