{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:40:31Z","timestamp":1760146831703,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014438","name":"Business Finland 6G Bridge program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1468\/31\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1468\/31\/2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Business Finland 6G Visible project\u2019s objective is the development of 6G-era service and architecture solutions utilizing autonomous and semi-autonomous driving, with both physical and logical computational elements and with use cases for real-life verification and validation. Finnish Meteorological Institute is focusing especially on weather- and safety-related services for autonomous vehicles. We are tailoring our road weather services for the special needs of autonomous driving, keeping in mind that autonomous vehicles are more sensitive to the harsh winter weather conditions and benefit from more accurate weather information considering the sensor systems of each vehicle. Employing weather radar-based nowcasting of more accurate short-term precipitation forecasting benefits autonomous traffic, especially in cases of heavy local precipitation by re-routing\/route planning and avoiding heaviest precipitation. Evaluation of autonomous vehicles\u2019 sensor systems\u2019 sensitivity to harsh weather conditions allows for weather forecasting based on the real vulnerability of each vehicle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info15120805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T05:55:45Z","timestamp":1734069345000},"page":"805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["6G Visible Providing Advanced Weather Services for Autonomous Driving"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1715-544X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timo","family":"Sukuvaara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Space Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 99600 Sodankyl\u00e4, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2154-1415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kari","family":"M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Space Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 99600 Sodankyl\u00e4, Finland"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Honkanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Space Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 99600 Sodankyl\u00e4, Finland"}]},{"given":"Ari","family":"Pikkarainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Space Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 99600 Sodankyl\u00e4, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1859-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heikki","family":"Myllykoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Space Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 99600 Sodankyl\u00e4, Finland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5212-1002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virve","family":"Karsisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meteorological Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00101 Helsinki, Finland"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"Sebag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, 00101 Helsinki, Finland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2019.8594791","article-title":"Taxis Without Drivers-or Steering Wheels","volume":"56","author":"Ross","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Spectrum"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2021). Automated Driving on Motorways (AUTOMOTO). FTIA publications 21\/2021, Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2019.2907630","article-title":"A Review of Sensor Technologies for Perception in Automated Driving","volume":"11","author":"Marti","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Transp. Syst. Mag."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2023.3283864","article-title":"Multi-Sensor Fusion and Cooperative Perception for Autonomous Driving: A Review","volume":"15","author":"Xiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Transp. Syst. Mag."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2022.3162886","article-title":"Comparative Analysis of Radar and Lidar Technologies for Automotive Applications","volume":"15","author":"Bilik","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Transp. Syst. 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